Satellite based data transfer and delivery system

ABSTRACT

A high speed data transfer system includes a WAU ( 201 ) which is utilized to provide high speed data access to satellite transferred data. The system is configured such that a plurality of data utilization devices ( 205 ) may access the high speed data via wireless links to the WAU ( 201 ). Advantageously, high speed data services may be provided to users without the users requiring individual satellite antennas.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to bi-directional communication systems and methods, and in particular, to an integrated satellite based data communication system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] Business, retail, medical, university, transportation center and residential customers have a need for high data rate media transfer systems that link or interface to data utilization devices, such as personal computers (PCs) and workstations. As used herein, PCs will be understood to include personal computers, workstations and other similar data acquisition and/or origination terminals. A need exists for providing low cost wireless and wired high data rate/low delay information exchange to customer data utilization devices. Currently, no wireless high data rate bi-directional service exists between consumers, satellites, and wireline services. One problem with existing terrestrial systems is that the data transfer rate is relatively slow or alternatively is expensive. With current methods, data transfer is typically slow, resulting in long data-download times. Furthermore, real-time, high fidelity audio/video is often impractical given the current state-of-the-art. To provide high data rate capability to all potential users requires a high cost in capital equipment and assets or fixed-site operation to provide a system with widespread accessibility. So called “wireless” systems can provide significant high data rate transfers and widespread accessibility. However, no system presently exists incorporating inexpensive wireless transfer of satellite, terrestrial backbones, cellular data services, and wireline data which will provide economic access to such wireless and wired data sources. It is also desirable to provide for accessing information by wireless methods thereby providing freedom of movement for users and elimination of the cost of wired infrastructure.

[0003] Satellite based systems are under construction or are proposed which will make high data rate/low delay information transfer widely available. However, as presently planned or proposed such satellite systems require an expensive satellite transceiver and directional antenna at each user. What is needed are low cost software configurable satellite interfaces that leverage existing consumer equipment (e.g., laptop, palmtop, and desktop computers). For instance, at least one proposed system requires that each business and each residence have a stationary direct satellite link for the exchange of high speed data including multimedia data. In addition, there are many terrestrial data sources or sites with which it is desirable to have high speed data access. Such sites vary in the number of data consumers over the course of time. Hence, data demand can vary as customers enter or leave service areas. Therefore, it is further desirable to provide a system which will permit mobile access to high speed data sources and not have high associated costs as are required for existing data transfer systems and apparatus. It is also desirable that these data services provide self forming network services, depending upon spatial proximity of mobile users and data and bandwidth demands of stationary customers. Further, data information sources each use specific protocols for data routing transfer, packetizing, and switching. Therefore, there is a further need for a wireless interface to multiple data sources that provides a seamless, transparent interface between user and data service.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING

[0004] The invention will be better understood from a reading of the following detailed description in conjunction with the drawing figures in which like reference designators are use to identify like elements, and in which:

[0005]FIG. 1 is an overall system diagram of a system in accordance with the principles of the invention;

[0006]FIG. 2 illustrates a portion of the system of FIG. 1 in greater detail;

[0007]FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a subsystem utilized in the system portion of FIG. 2;

[0008]FIG. 4 illustrates different payload data which are utilized in the system of FIG. 1;

[0009]FIG. 5 is a system block diagram illustrating the access of a number of subscribers to the subsystem of FIG. 3;

[0010]FIG. 6 illustrates a data frame structure utilized in the system of FIG. 1;

[0011]FIG. 7 is a joint time-frequency diagram illustrating dynamic allocation of unused and/or underused spectrum;

[0012]FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating a system having a spectrum scanning mode in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

[0013]FIG. 9 is a spectrum diagram illustrating a possible spectrum for a system implementing a frequency hopping/direct sequence spread spectrum approach in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and

[0014]FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a communications system utilizing a frequency hopping/direct sequence spread spectrum approach in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] In accordance with the principles of the invention, a system is provided in which high data rate, low delay wireless data communication is provided to pluralities of users. Each plurality of users is served from a single, central wireless access unit (WAU). The WAU, in accordance with the invention, provides centralized wireless access for a plurality of users to satellite data communications and in addition, provides access to other high data rate services which may be wireless or wired. The invention advantageously provides for wireless communication between each data utilization device or PC and the WAU thereby permitting users to access the high data rate, low delay data from substantially any location within the range of the WAU. Thus, a system in accordance with the invention provides that a plurality of users may access satellite transferred data and wired data services, via one or more WAU devices, thereby allowing wireless bi-directional interchange of data. In a system in accordance with the invention, a plurality of users of high data rate, low delay wireless data access a proximity WAU which in turn accesses a satellite link or another WAU, or one or more of a number of wired and wireless services available within proximity of the WAU. In addition to independent access to one or more WAU devices, each user may also transfer data in a distributed peer-to-peer fashion.

[0016] In accordance with the principles of the invention, a Wireless Information Technology System (WITS) is provided which interfaces to multiple information sources and extends these services via wireless links, to users while providing self-forming network adaptability, frequency adaptability, modulation adaptability, interference suppression adaptability, overlay adaptability, and bandwidth adaptability. The system performs a seamless protocol transformation of subscriber data, providing a near transparent interface between consumer and desired information sources. A system in accordance with the principles of the invention provides for high data rate wireless information exchange to a plurality of users from a satellite antenna and associated satellite communication system, other terrestrial wireless systems or wired bi-directional data systems and sources. As used herein, the term “high data rate” is typically used to refer to data rates exceeding, for example, 400 kilobits per second (kbps).

[0017] In accordance with a further aspect of the invention, the WAU provides the ability to access information by wireless methods, thereby providing freedom of movement for users and elimination of the cost of a wired infrastructure between each user and the data communication services. By permitting wireless access between each PC and the WAU, a plurality of users located within wireless range of the WAU can access the high speed satellite, terrestrial microwave and cellular data services via the WAU. Access to multiple information sources and extension of these services via wireless links to the PC users is possible with the system in accordance with the invention. Each WAU and its associated users forms a cell within which users have wireless access to data services via the WAU. Since users can be mobile, one embodiment of the invention includes self-forming network adaptability whereby mobile nodes are “affiliated” with a nearby WAU automatically. As users move into other WAU cells, the cells perform handoff and affiliation functions for seamless data access. Advantageously, a single WITS WAU satellite transceiver microwave and cellular data subsystem or interface can service multiple users whether the users are mobile or stationary. In addition, wired services may be provided to those same users without the expense or difficulty of providing a wired connection to each user.

[0018] Turning now to FIG. 1, a system in accordance with the invention is shown. The system includes one or more satellites 101 which are part of a constellation of satellites. The constellation may be any one of several satellite constellations, such as a constellation of low earth orbit (LEO) satellites or of high earth orbit (HEO) satellites, which includes middle earth orbit (MEO) and geosynchronous earth orbit (GEO) satellites, or a constellation comprising both LEO and HEO satellites such as in the Celestri™ system developed by the assignee of the present invention. Satellite, or platform, 101 may have an intersatellite link (ISL), or interplatform link, 102 to one or more additional satellites 101 a which forms part of a satellite constellation. Satellite 101 also has satellite links 110 to a ground antenna 111 which is coupled to optional gateway 104. Gateway 104 may be a satellite gateway of a type well known to those skilled in the art to provide access to various information sources, such as IP or PSTN/ISDN, for example.

[0019] Satellite 101 may be accessed by a plurality of cells 103 that performs seamless protocol transformation and multi-port distribution to a plurality of users 105. Although only six cells 103 are shown, it should be appreciated that a larger or smaller number of terrestrial cells may be accessible by the satellite constellation. What is needed are cell-specific applications, whereby each cell will have a different type of data service tailored to the user requirements of each cell population. For example, medical campus requirements will use the invention for data transfer services that include: patient records, outpatient data, X-rays, CAT scans, MRI scans, provider consult data, insurance data links, transcription data, telemedicine services, billing, medical order transfer, medical research, and real time audiovisual medivac data. University campus services can use the invention for: records maintenance (e.g., transcripts, billing, etc.), library access, internet access, virtual professorships, research, remote audiovisual class attendance, inter campus housing, and inter university LANs. Neighborhood applications for the invention include: DSS delivery, movies on demand, internet access, telephony services, video telephone services, high-definition television (HDTV) services, real time on-demand CD audio, home shopping, home banking, profile based information delivery, and remote home environment management. Industrial campus applications of the invention include: wireless LANs, shop assembly and parts coordination, paging services, inventory control and RF tag services, telecommuting services, and remote sensor applications for electric, oil, gas, water, and other similar utilities. Commercial and retail campus services provided by the invention include: billing services, real time inventory control, real time shopping services, advertisement applications, real time delivery tracking, audiovisual customer service, reservation services, staff management and tracking, and security applications. Mobile applications of the invention include: vehicle tracking, real time location information, real time map delivery, and high speed passenger internet access.

[0020] For any data service provided by the invention, custom software will be provided to an individual user via disks 210 or directly over the high speed wireless link, once subscription confirmation has been received. This software will provide user access to the type of data desired. Hence, data utilization device 205 is understood to be a general purpose, software configurable appliance which is uniquely and dynamically tailored to user data requirements and cell populations. Each cell 103 has a WAU 201 and a corresponding group of users 105. Accordingly, each of the users 105 are able to communicate with satellite 101, or other high data rate services that are processed through gateway 104, by transferring data to and from WAU 201. This avoids the need for each user 105 to communicate directly with satellite 101, which would require a separate high cost transceiver and associated satellite antenna with proper placement for satellite visibility.

[0021] Turning now to FIG. 2, a portion of one of the cells 103 is shown in greater detail. Each cell 103 includes a satellite antenna 200 coupled to a WITS WAU 201. The WITS WAU 201 typically includes a transceiver for transferring information between WAU 201 and the users associated with the cell 103, as will be described in more detail when discussing FIG. 3. WITS WAU 201 is preferably located at a high point in the cell region, such as on top of a utility pole, an antenna tower, or on top of a building. In general, it is desirable to mount the WAU 201 to a preexisting structure within the 103 to reduce WITS implementation costs. In one embodiment of the invention, the WAU 201 is implemented in a relatively compact, lightweight package that can be easily mounted by a single installer. The package can include, for example, a clamp for fastening the WAU 201 to a pole or other structure. In addition to providing ease of installation, the compact, lightweight package also facilitates maintenance of the WAU 201. That is, the WAU 201 may be easily removed for periodic servicing and/or replacement.

[0022] The position of WAU 201 within the cell 103 is a factor in determining the area or range of operation in which users may access WAU 201. In general, the higher the WAU 201 is mounted within the cell, the greater the possible range of coverage. In one approach, relatively small cells having relatively few users per cell are used. Using this approach, the WAU 201 can be mounted lower in the cell 103, such as on the top of a street light post 210. In the preferred embodiment, the nominal range of each WAU 201 will be in excess of one mile.

[0023] High density dwelling conditions, such as in high rise office and apartment buildings, typically prevent use of satellite tracking antennas by each resident. The use of a WITS WAU 201 in accordance with the invention addresses this limitation by allowing users to access data from satellites via the WITS WAU 201 which is located in a position for tracking and communicating with the satellites. The satellite access antenna may be of dish type, or, for more flexible satellite access, a phased array antenna.

[0024] Each user in the cell 103 typically has a data utilization device 205 which, for example, can take the form of a personal computer (PC) 203. WITS WAU 201 provides wireless access and distribution of high speed data services from satellites, for example, to a plurality of data utilization devices 205, typically including PC units 203 in a high density complex, and eliminates the need for wiring each building unit with satellite antenna capability. In a preferred embodiment, WITS WAU 201 will also incorporate an omnidirectional antenna for data transfer to/from user terminals, although other antenna configurations may also be appropriate.

[0025] Each PC 203 is a platform that accepts software files designed to program and interact with a subscriber interface module (SIM) 204. SIM 204 may take the form of, or be included within, a PCMCIA type card. In an alternate embodiment, SIM 204 may be a separate portable device that connects using a PCMCIA bus slot of PC 203. SIM 204 includes a transceiver 207 to provide the wireless connection to WITS WAU 201 for data services. SIM 204 includes (or can be connected to) an antenna 206 of conventional design for the frequency band of interest and desired polarization (e.g., circular polarization) or sectored antennas. Transceiver 207 performs all modulation and demodulation functions for transmit and receive communications to the WITS WAU 201. In this regard, SIM 204 can, in one embodiment, receive commands and/or configuration data from the PC 203 for use in processing any of a number of different waveforms.

[0026] In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, data transfers between the WITS WAU 201 and transceiver 207 provide minimum interference to existing terrestrial voice and data services by utilizing spread spectrum transmission and/or by utilizing portions of the spectrum that are not currently occupied. Accordingly, in a preferred embodiment, transceiver 207 is a spread spectrum transceiver or high data rate transceiver, both with multiple access capability.

[0027] PC 203 may also include drive 208 for receiving one or more disks 210 having specific wireless application software stored thereon. This allows the PC 203 to be upgraded to higher capacity and more bandwidth efficient waveforms. In addition to link-specific software, drive 208 and disks 210 also provide functionality specific to the type of data service being utilized by the consumer.

[0028] Turning now to FIG. 3, WITS WAU 201 is shown in block diagram form. WITS WAU 201 includes a satellite antenna 200 coupled to a satellite communication (satcom) transceiver subsystem 303. Satellite antenna 200 may be a dish type, or, for more flexible satellite access, a phased array antenna. Satcom transceiver subsystem 303 is coupled to a satcom wired infrastructure interface 305. Satcom wired infrastructure interface 305 can be coupled to various wired data services available in the vicinity of WITS WAU 201 and which are collectively identified as wired services 212. Wired services 212 may also be accessed via wireless WAU link 213, which communicates with other WAU devices in a peer-to-peer fashion. In this manner, only select WAU devices require wired connections to wired services 212. Wireless WAU link 213 may be a separate antenna, or, alternatively may be included in the functionality of satellite antenna 200. As noted above, wired services include, but are not limited to, ISDN, cable and fiber optic accessible services. Satcom wired infrastructure interface 305 can also be coupled to various terrestrial wireless services 214. These services can include, but are not limited to, terrestrial microwave links, cellular, and land mobile radio services.

[0029] A seamless protocol transformation processor 307 is utilized to provide for protocol transformations between data protocols from: (i) satcom transceiver subsystem 303, (ii) wired services 212, (iii) terrestrial wireless services, (iv) terrestrial microwave services, and (v) cellular/land mobile services and the data protocols used to link to user PCs 203 with wireless signals.

[0030] A wireless modem distribution processor (WDP) 309 is coupled between protocol transformation processor 307 and RF modules 317 and 319 which are in turn coupled to antenna 321. A processor 325 is coupled via bus 323 to satcom wired infrastructure interface 305, seamless protocol transformation processor 307, wireless modem distribution processor 309, and RF modules 317 and 319. Processor 325 includes associated memory which is not shown, but which is familiar to those skilled in the art. As will also be understood by those skilled in the art, although the block diagram of FIG. 3 illustrates various blocks, the individual blocks may be implemented in either hardware or software and the bus structure 323, as well as the various connections between blocks, are intended to indicate functional interconnection rather than to indicate actual physical connections. The various processors indicated in the drawing of WITS WAU 201 may be implemented in one or more actual processors. Processor 325, as well as the other processors indicated in the FIG. 3, if separately implemented, may be a commercially available processor, such as microprocessors available from Motorola, Inc., the assignee of the present invention. This host processor and bus structure is capable of sending status messages describing WAU utilization, node command, spectral conflicts, special requests, and relative software uploads, failures, need for network restart, and power loss. WITS WAU 201 also included encryption processor 326 which provides wireless transfer security.

[0031] Satellite antenna 200 is used to establish and maintain the link to a satellite 101. Antenna 200 is coupled in conventional fashion to the satcom transceiver subsystem 303. Satcom transceiver 303 is of conventional design and provides a high data rate bi-directional link to satellite constellation 101 via antenna 200.

[0032] WITS WAU 201 is interfaced with wired services 212 via satcom wired infrastructure interface 305 and wireless WAU link 213. Processor 325 includes selection capability to select a data route via satellite, terrestrial microwave, cellular data, WAU peer-to-peer, or the various wired services 212 based on cost, information content, and delay profiles selected and transferred to the WITS WAU 201 by means of automatic user node affiliation, and maintained in WITS WAU memory. Alternatively, software in the WITS WAU 201 can automatically select one service from multiple choices based upon predetermined parameters or algorithms. The software can also provide adaptive functionality for waveforms transmitted via antenna 321 and wireless WAU link 213 including, but not limited to, frequency, modulation and bandwidth.

[0033] WITS WAU 201 supports software configurable modem technology that provides a family of wireless signals such as DSPN/CDMA, QAM/TDMA, PSK/OFDM, FH/CDMA, and other wireless multiple access techniques that are compatible with the local data utilization devices. Further, various wireless interfaces may be provided through the use of programmable modem modules 311, 313, 315, and 316. Modem modules 311-315 are typical examples of how WDP 309 may be programmed (i.e., to support, for example, code division multiple access (CDMA), time-division multiple access (TDMA), and frequency division multiple access (FDMA)). It should be understood that other wireless multiple access schemes are also possible as needed. In a preferred embodiment, hybrid spread spectrum modulation is used via hybrid SS module 316. In this preferred embodiment, hybrid modulation includes both frequency hop (FR) and direct sequence (DS) methods in order to minimize WITS service impact on existing wireless services, while simultaneously reducing the interference impact of these existing services on the WITS-delivered data. FIG. 9 illustrates an example FH/DS hybrid spectrum 300, including typical interference sources, such as fading 302, pilot tone interference 304, noise interference 306, and bauded co-channel interference 308. Each hop frequency fn is spread over a corresponding channel consisting of bandwidth WsN, for a total spreading bandwidth of Wt. Although four hopping bands are shown in the FIG. 9, the actual number of hopping frequencies will vary depending upon the environment and spectrum availability. When operating near or below the ambient noise floor, spreading the hop impulse in this manner results in a spectral distribution that minimizes the WITS interference impact on existing wireless services, while allowing for the application of interference suppression algorithms at data utilization device 205. Since spreading serves to improve interference immunity, reduced hop bandwidths may be implemented to lower hop rates which are less than the current state-of-the-art. These lower hop rates and bandwidths will enable simplified transceiver implementations. Note that when the DS processing gain is low, the FH/DS hybrid will approach the pure FH system. Hence, in one embodiment, the invention further includes the ability to adjust the hop bandwidths and spreading sequences depending on the contiguous spectrum availability and existing service density and sensitivity requirements. Furthermore, since DSPN is applied primarily for the purposes of impulse concealment and interference rejection functionality, power control issues are less problematic. Hence, a small number of spreading sequences may be used primarily to prevent the damaging effects of hop collisions between sub-nets (e.g., adjacent WITS cells).

[0034]FIG. 10 illustrates one embodiment of the FH/DS approach showing a transmitter 310, a receiver 312, and corresponding channel interference sources 314, 315. The figure shows in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) data being spread by a pseudo-noise (PN) spreading sequence 316 and shifted via a hop sequence 318 and direct digital synthesizer (DDS) prior to channel transmission. Any modulation source may be used, for example, a QPSK source may be implemented for the I,Q data stream with a sufficient DS processing gain, for example, 24-33 dB. Note from the figure that the channel interference sources include a fading component, H(s). Frequency selective fades may be mitigated via adaptive signal processing. For wideband interference sources and shadowing fades, channel coding can provide sufficient gain to close the link, albeit at a reduction in data throughput. Referring again to FIG. 10, note that the receiver 312 tunes each WsN 340 corresponding to the hop sequence 342, with timing given by t_(ref) supplied by, for example, stable oscillators or GPS data. The corrupted data is then passed to an adaptation processor 320, which may be located on either SIM 204 or data utilization device 205. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the adaptation processor 320 which performs periodic state estimation 322, stores the state information to interference state memory 324, and, in parallel, performs interference countermeasures 326 corresponding to the prior interference state. Following the adaptation processor 320, the restored data is correlated 328 against the appropriate PN sequence 330 for despreading, and demodulated 332, producing estimates of the I and Q data streams. WITS WAU 201 also includes one or more common software based WDPs 309 that supply programmable data rates and waveform modes appropriate to communicate with data utilization devices 205.

[0035] Satcom transceiver subsystem (STS) 303 has the capability to acquire, track, demodulate, and maintain contact to LEO and HEO satellites, and/or other platforms, which may include Geosynchronous Earth Orbiting (GEO) satellite up/downlinks. STS 303 is of conventional design. Interface 305 comprises conventional interfaces to STS 303, terrestrial microwave and cellular data services, and to the ISDN, cable and fiber networks. By providing connection to these services at WITS WAU 201, the data services provided by these various high data rate services are provided to all users of the WITS WAU 201 without the necessity of providing connections directly from each satellite antenna or terrestrial wireless systems to each individual user.

[0036] WITS WAU 201 may operate with a variety of service-dependent protocols. Accordingly, to facilitate the flexibility of operating with the various protocols, WITS WAU 201 includes a seamless protocol transformation (SPT) processor 307 for providing a seamless protocol transformation such that whatever signal protocol is received from the sources coupled to interface 305 is transformed to the proper data link layer format for wireless transmission to the users 105 of WAU 201. SPT processor 307 receives a satcom, microwave, cellular, or wired signal from the appropriate transceiver interfaces 305 and 307 and transforms it up the open signaling interface (OSI) protocol stack layer to provide a multiple access system that allows connectivity to many users. SPT processor 307 performs bi-directional physical and upper layer mapping and transformations to provide compatibility with the final stage media transmission with appropriate mobile identification. The functionality of SPT processor 307 includes ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)-to-wireless, ISDN-to-wireless, Cable-to-wireless, fiber optic-to-wireless, terrestrial wireless-to-wireless, and other protocol transformations. SPT processor 307 provides transformation between the WDP 309 and interface 305.

[0037] WDP 309 is a software configurable modem for providing a family of wireless signals, such as frequency hop (FH)/CDMA, DSPN/CDMA 311, QAM/TDMA 313, PSK/OFDM 315 and other multiple access techniques. The various signals are utilized to provide modulation signals information to a transceiver comprising RF modules 317, 319 which are operable in various modulation arrangements, such as PSK-OFDM, SSPN, SSFH, and other high data rate modes. Spread spectrum techniques allow operation in areas of the spectrum that are already occupied by other systems, without interfering with the other systems. Modulation formats are software selectable within WITS WAU 201 and are remotely programmable as well as field programmable.

[0038]FIG. 4 illustrates the operation of the SPT processor 307 with respect to a plurality of different payload data, whereby each data payload has certain attributes associated therewith. For example, data payload 401 includes data that is characteristic of fiber optic data. SPT processor 307 provides the transformation from the specific protocols associated with wired protocols 401, 403, 405, satcom payload 407, terrestrial microwave protocol 409, cellular protocol 411, and wireless distribution protocol 413 to RF modules 317 and 319. Subsequently, the information is transferred to and from cell users 105.

[0039] WITS WAU 201 provides high data rate satellite signals and information to its local area with minimum interference to existing terrestrial voice and data services. WDP 309 and RF modules 317 and 319 facilitate spread spectrum signals, including for example, frequency hopped signals, direct sequence signals, or hybrid signals, whereby spread spectrum signal technology is utilized to allow existing narrowband signals for cellular and land mobile radio (LMR) traffic, among others, to occupy the same frequency bands without impact on these services. Spread spectrum signals support multiple access schemes to increase user density on each channel and improve spectrum reuse. Spread spectrum signals are especially effective in overcoming frequency selective fading, common to urban mobile environments. A high data rate capability facilitates transfer of video and other large files with low delay to the end user.

[0040] Turning now to FIG. 5, the profiling capability of the WITS WAU 201 is illustrated. Processor 325 of FIG. 3 provides for storing, in memory, various user specific profiles 501-505 for each user PC 203 (of FIG. 2) whereby PC 203 forwards this information to WITS WAU 201. For each user registered with WITS WAU 201 a specific user profile is established, whereby representative user profiles 501, 503 and 505 are shown in FIG. 5. Each user profile may, for example, indicate the users wireless interface capability to the WITS WAU (e.g., bandwidth allocation). Further, each user profile may be used to identify the service to which the user subscribes as well as providing cost limits on what the user is willing to pay for service. Also, the user profile may include limits of the hardware and limits on the data rates. Profile information can include specifying information types, time of day or date-based delivery, and the type of data services that the user would like to receive. Profiles may also specify time delay limits on delivery. Profile information can also identify specified types of data such as advertising which the user would like to reject as well as preferred data sources for scanning user-provided keywords. When a user initiates contact to WITS WAU 201, profile information is provided in a wireless segment or packet and received by WITS WAU 201. Processor 325 of FIG. 3 forwards profile information to SPT 307 which stores profile information and operates as an intelligent agent. SPT 307 then is operable to filter the data to and from each of the users.

[0041]FIG. 6 illustrates a frame format for a typical signal that comes in to WITS WAU 201 from one of the plurality of data payloads 401-413. The format is illustrated for a wire to wireless signal, such as cable. That signal enters the WITS WAU 201 via wire line. The signal has a frame structure or protocol that includes synchronization bits 601, control bits 602, sorting agent bits 603, and data bits 605. Synchronization bits 601 are utilized to provide coherence between WAU 201 and the payloads. Control bits 602 are utilized to set various control parameters between WAU 201 and the payloads, such as: 1) multiple access modulation type/rate, 2) message source/destination, 3) message type-length, 4) error coding type, 5) power level, 6) source destination routing tree, 7) time priority and 8) data loss. Sorting agent bits, or sorting fields, 603 are utilized for determining whether data is for a particular user based on its user profile and the type of information that the user desires to receive. Finally, data bits, or data field, 605 includes the data to be transferred. SPT 307 utilizes intelligent agent information segment 602 and decides whether this information is valid and should be forwarded on. If it is not valid, SPT 307 does not load that application for retransmittal. If SPT 307 determines that the data is valid for a particular user, that data is then decoded, error corrected, and reformatted into the appropriate wireless access protocol for the specified user.

[0042] In operation, WITS WAU 201 is capable of automatic spectral awareness and management for the frequency channels used in the wireless distribution of information to each user. Processor 325 operates in cooperation with RF modules 317 and 319 to search for the unoccupied spectrum when operating in areas that will not allow fixed or preassigned operating bands and channels. The designated operating bands are scanned and spectral activity estimates of this possible channel space are developed. Decision criteria are applied by processor 325 to select the proper operating center frequencies and to periodically assess and reallocate to new bands as the background wireless systems dictate.

[0043] The unique spectral awareness capabilities of the WITS WAU 201 allow selection of the operating bands within the coverage of the SIM 204. This reduces interference on the existing wireless systems not related to WITS WAU 201. Dynamic spectrum awareness knowledge of transmission activity occurring simultaneously on other channels is used to prevent interference.

[0044] The above-described capabilities facilitate automatic spectrum planning and co-site contention resolution during system setup and service initiation. In this scenario, throughput preservation and system overlay capability is at odds with fixed-frequency paradigms. Growing spectral clutter is evidenced by increasing commercial services, such as PCS, AMPS-IS136, IS-95, GSM, DSS, Iridium, Celestri, and Teledesic. Historically, spectrum utilization has tended toward the lower frequencies occupying a tiny fraction (i.e., 1%) of available bandwidth. As commercial spectral usage increases into the next century, communication systems will inevitably face constricting limits on information capacity. Without a means and method for signal coexistence, communication systems will be forced to move to ever higher bands of operation. In a cluttered environment, anywhere from 100 MHz to 2 GHz of bandwidth will be needed to ensure high multimedia throughput and multi-access performance. What is needed are new technologies that overcome the bandwidth limitation problem by adaptively increasing data throughput without adding bandwidth. The system of the present invention solves the bandwidth/throughput problem via adaptive spectrum exploitation (ASE). ASE will enable automatic time sharing of intermittently used or unused spectral regions. Methods used by ASE are well within the capabilities of software programmable radios.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment, adaptive spectrum exploitation is performed using transform domain methods on a joint time frequency (JTF) basis. FIG. 7 illustrates the JTF signal plane, whereby a data signal 450 is dynamically allocated to unused or under-used portions of the spectrum. In one embodiment, the spectrum scanning is performed by a single programmable WITS WAU, which controls a distributed network of data utilization devices 205 within a given cell. In this manner, the controlling WITS WAU within the cell is assigned the task of spectrum scanning, analysis, and coordination. FIG. 8 illustrates a conceptual block diagram of this function within a system 460 having a WITS WAU 462 and a utilization device 464. In this embodiment, the system 460 uses a frequency hopping spectral adaptation approach. Note that for this mode of operation, the WITS WAU 462 scans the available spectrum to find the under-used portions of the spectrum. Adaptation is performed in two distinct modes of operation for sparse vs. non-sparse spectra. Methods include radiometric analysis, signal parameter extraction, traffic pattern analysis, and channel activity prediction. In this dynamic environment, issues of rate adaptation, modulation adaptation (i.e., M-ary constellation order), and total bandwidth adaptation are considered. Although FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 illustrate a pure frequency hop approach, hybrid methods which conceal the hop impulse (e.g., FH/DSPN hybrid) may also be considered for applications requiring further signal concealment protection.

[0046] Surveillance and monitoring is gained via analysis of the spectrum using feature plane transformations, such as amplitude projections, phase projections, time projections, detection information, and signal correlation data. These transformations are analyzed to provide information specific to each discrete signal within the analysis bandwidth, such as type, frequency range, transmit probabilities, and signal strength. The feature plane transformations are computed from the JTF matrix H of order n,m, where n represents a contiguous time index and m represents a contiguous spectral index, as is indicated by Equation 1. $\begin{matrix} {H = \begin{bmatrix} {h\left( {0,0} \right)} & {h\left( {1,0} \right)} & {{h\left( {2,0} \right)}\ldots} & {h\left( {{m - 1},0} \right)} \\ {h\left( {0,1} \right)} & \cdot & \cdot & \cdot \\ {h\left( {0,2} \right)} & \quad & \quad & \quad \\ {\cdot \quad} & \cdot & \cdot & \cdot \\ {\cdot \quad} & \quad & \quad & \quad \\ {h\left( {0,{n - 1}} \right)} & \cdot & \cdot & {h\left( {{m - 1},{n - 1}} \right)} \end{bmatrix}} & {{Eq}.\quad 1} \end{matrix}$

[0047] Parameter extraction algorithms well within the capabilities of programmable radios are used to compute a snapshot of spectral activity corresponding to H. The following structure comprises a candidate parameter set for one embodiment of the invention: fm_dev % Instantaneous frequency bandwidth fm_modes Discrete frequency steps fm_center Center frequency am_dev % amplitude Excursion am_modes Discrete amplitude steps am_center Mean amplitude pm_dev % Discriminator width pm_modes Discrete phase modes pm_center Mean discriminant value pk_ave Peak signal envelope to mean value pk_rms Peak signal envelope to rms value bd_rate Signal baud rate dt_cycle Duty cycle cr_line Chip rate line.

[0048] In addition to the adaptive exploitation of spectral “holes”, it may also be desirable to employ the spectrum scanning and analysis in a tagging mode. In this manner, signals within the band of interest may be identified and tagged such as military, cellular, satcom, broadcast, global positioning system (GPS), and pager. Data of interest may also include TDOA estimates and network identification tags. This emitter analysis mode will provide network managers with expanded spectral awareness for each cell in the network. This information is communicated via the satellite/platform or wireline links shown in FIG. 2.

[0049] At sufficiently high frequencies with wide bandwidths of operation, the spectral planning may allow the WITS WAU in the cell to access the spectrum in a uniform distribution. In this straightforward mode, the MAI characteristics will depend primarily on the number of users accessing the selected bandwidth. Naturally, higher frequency propagation loss characteristics will result in smaller cells with fewer users per cell, while increased bandwidths will enhance system robustness to interference. In this mode of operation, the transmission characteristics will include both frequency hopping and pulse concealment methods in order to avoid interference with fixed communication systems.

[0050] WITS WAU 201 solves the difficult problem of interpreting one protocol down to a critical OSI layer and inserting another protocol layer for the new transmission format without affecting the message information content. WITS WAU 201 combines the signal processing and signal protocols associated with STS 303, WDP 309, and the SPT processor 307 with a common bus and hardware/software platform to reduce delay, maintain the high data rates and multiple access capability, and choose the proper cost method.

[0051] WITS WAU 201 collects and maps the user profile information for best “information contouring.” This feature filters information to reduce the amount of bandwidth or transmission time allocated to a wireless user. This also reduces the information load on the user. SCHEDULE A Docket No. Ctry App No. App.Dt. Title C1836K USA 09/642382 22AU2000 ANTENNA MOUNTING APPARATUS 2937 C01 USA 09/580291 26MY2000 ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR 4002 USA 09/276588 25MR1999 IMAGE ENCODER USING DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND TRELLIS CODED QUANTIZATION 4004 USA 09/050293 30MR1998 ADAPTIVE WAVELET CODING OF HYP ERSPECTRAL IMAGERY 4097 USA 08/991822 17DE1997 DISTRIBUTED PACKET COMMUNICATION NETWORK 4160 USA 09/390785 07SE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A WEARABLE COMPUTER 4178 USA 09/066794 27AP1998 SATELLITE BASED DATA TRANSFER AND DELIVERY SYSTEM 4191 USA 09/124719 30JL1998 RADIO WIRELINE INTERFACE AND METHOD FOR SECURE COMMUNICATION 4296 USA 09/093083 08JE1998 TRAFFIC KEY ACCESS METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR SECURE COMMUNICATION WITHOUT KEY ESCROW FACILITY 4327 USA 09/240948 28JA1999 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS TO A SHARED SECRET 4329 USA 09/425129 22OC1999 RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATION 4330 USA 09/288067 05AP1999 ENCRYPTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING SECURE DATA OVER A HIGH SPEED SERIAL LINK 4344 USA 09/400258 21SE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DATA SCRAMBLING 4357 USA 09/666325 19SE2000 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS SYSTEM RESOURCES IN A REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM 4367 USA 09/685497 10OC2000 METHOD FOR PRECOMPENSATING FREQUENCY DATA FOR USE IN HIGH VELOCITY SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 4368 USA 09/464975 16DE1999 BURST COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS 4456 USA 09/369463 06AU1999 VOICE DECODER AND METHOD FOR DETECTING CHANNEL ERRORS USING SPECTRAL ENERGY EVOLUTION 4459 USA 09/478058 05JA2000 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI-RATE, CANNEL- OPTIMIZED TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION 4472 USA 09/370191 09AU1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DELAY LOCK LOOP TRACKING OF GPS PSEUDO RANDOM CODES 4476 USA 09/443597 19NO1999 SEPERATION KERNEL WITH MEMORY ALLOCATION, REMOTE PROCEDURE CALL AND EXCEPTION HANDLING MECHANISMS 4486 USA 09/465962 17DE1999 SATELLITE RELAY METHOD AND APPARATUS 4497 USA 09/493825 28JA2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCURATELY DETERMINING THE POSITION OF SATELLITES IN GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS 4501 USA 09/540022 31MR2000 SCALABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE 4549 USA 09/650516 29AU2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING INTEROPERATION BETWEEN A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK 4550 USA 09/696370 25OC2000 A PACKET RELAY PROTOCOL BASED ON FLOOD ROUTING WITH RANDOM DELAY BEFORE RETRANSMISSION 4562 USA 09/586120 02JE2000 DYNAMIC HARDWARE RESOURCE MANAGER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 4564 USA 09/568171 10MY2000 SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM EXECUTION 4566 USA 09/615303 13JL2000 METHOD OF REGULATING A FLOW OF DATA IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR 4567 USA 09/649559 28AU2000 TRANSMITTER HAULING PROGRAMABLE TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS TEMPORALLY ALIGNED WITH PAYLOAD AND METHOD THEREFOR 4572 USA 09/570129 12MY2000 RADIO TRANSMISSION TIMING CALIBRATOR 4574 USA 09/592230 12JE2000 HARDWARE RESOURCE IDENTIFIER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 4575 USA 09/618401 18JL2000 CONFIGURABLE SOFTWARE OBJECT DISTRIBUTOR AND SIMULATOR FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 4577 USA 09/610740 06JL2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES IN A DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION 4578 USA 09/639496 14AU2000 SYMBOL SYNCHRONIZER FOR SOFTWARE DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM SIGNAL COMBINER 4581 USA 09/578112 24MY2000 DYNAMIC DC BALANCING OF A DIRECT CONVERSION RECEIVER AND METHOD 4582 USA 09/636139 10AU2000 RF CONTROL INTERFACE FOR SYSTEM WITH SPATIALLY SEPARATED COMPONENTS 4591 USA 09/833005 12AP2001 METHOD FOR SECURELY PROVIDING ENCRYPTION KEYS 4596 USA 09/667903 22SE2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ERROR-RESILIENT VIDEO CODING 4597 USA 09/717592 21NO2000 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT RECOGNITION AND COMPRESSIONP 4655 USA 09/822149 02AP2001 ACTIVE INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR UTILIZING RECOMBINANT TRANSMULTIPLEXING 9045 USA 09/145805 02SE1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ASYCHRONOUS ADAPTIVE PROTOCOL LAYER TUNNING 9055 USA 09/186086 05NO1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 13913 USA 09/473349 28DE1999 METHOD FOR A POST-HPA FILTER REJECTION EQUALIZER 13914 USA 09/473352 28DE1999 MEMORYLESS NON-LINEAR PREDISTORTION OF DIGITAL AMPLITUDE MODULATION 13915 USA 09/413174 28DE1999 METHOD FOR LOCALLY ADAPTED FRACTIONALLY SPACED LINEAR PREDISTORTER 13916 USA 09/473457 28DE1999 LOCALLY-ADAPTED PARALLEL T-SPACED LINEAR PREDISTORTER 15000 USA 09/282106 31MR1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SKIN-E-NET CONTROL AND STATUS NETWORK 15009 USA 09/432062 02NO1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INFORMATION SELECTION AND ROUTING BY INTELLIGENT AGENTS 15025 USA 09/153976 16SE1998 WIRELESS ACCESS UNIT UTILIZING ADAPTIVE SPECTRUM EXPLOITATION 15143 USA 09/282106 31MR1999 PERIPHERAL INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK 15144 USA 09/282104 31MR1999 SWITCHING DEVICES FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK 15145 USA 09/282782 31MR1999 COMPUTER INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK 968 USA 490921 02MY1983 FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUITRY FOR A COMMERCIAL MICROPROCESSOR 1058 USA 357349 08MR1982 PARTIALLY MATCHED ECM FOR USE AGAINST PULSE COMPRESSION RADARS AND METHOD THEREFOR (U) 1202 USA 06/490609 02MY1983 FLUID EXTENDIBLE MAST AND METHODS OF DEPLOYMENT AND STOWING THEREFOR 1380 USA 841385 160E1985 MULTIPLE FALSE TARGET ECM TECHNIQUE (U) 1381 USA 841384 16DE1985 RADAR DECEPTION METHODS (U) 1397 USA 911552 25SE1986 CHARGE TRIGGERING APPARATUS AND METHOD 1460 USA 823116 26SE1985 MODIFIED PLANAR ANTENNA 1475 USA 789008 22JL1985 TRACKING RADAR RECEIVER 1691 USA 377295 26JE1989 DATA MANIPULATION ARRANGEMENT FOR A NETWORK ENCRYPTION SYSTEM (U) 1699 USA 81965 01JL1987 FABRICATION OF RADIATION HARDENED SILICON GATE MOS DEVICES (U) 1770 USA 364684 08MY1989 MULTI-RAIL LOOK AHEAD FOR A KEY GENERATOR 1912 USA 529810 29MY1990 CONE BEAM DOUBLET FOR PASSIVE SENSOR TARGET DETECTION 2046 USA 618550 27NO1990 CRYPTO IGNITION KEY INTERFACE 2629 USA 08/415973 03AP1995 VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR 2629 D01 USA 08/580116 16JA1996 VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR 4119 USA 09/072168 04MY1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MULTIDIMENSIONAL FEATURE LESS SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION 71254 USA 197556 08NO1971 ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURE TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUS UNDER SECRECY ORDER

[0052] SCHEDULE B Patent Number Country Grant Date Title 4977379 USA 11DE1990 DIFFERENTIAL PAIR PUSH-PUSH OSCILLATOR 4412337 USA 25OC1983 POWER AMPLIFIER AND ENVELOPE CORRECTION CIRCUITRY 4442433 USA 10AP1984 ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS 4447772 USA 08MY1984 TEMPERATURE STABLE PULSE COUNTING FM DETECTOR 4454604 USA 12JE1984 VIRTUAL TIME BASE DIRECT SYNCHRONIZER AND METHED THEREFOR 4457003 USA 26JE1984 TIME REFERENCE TRACKING LOOP FOR FREQUENCY HOPPING SYSTEMS 4482975 USA 13NO1984 FUNCTION GENERATOR 4486846 USA 04DE1984 NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR USING QUADRANT REPLICATION& FUNCTION DECOMPOSITION 4489325 USA 18DE1984 ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED SPACE FED ANTENNA SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOF 4494238 USA 15JA1985 MULTIPLE CHANNEL DATA LINK SYSTEM 4495506 USA 22JA1985 IMAGE SPATIAL FILTER 4507795 USA 26MR1985 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LOCATING LEADING AND TRAILING EDGESOF RF PULSES 4513447 USA 23AP1985 SIMPLIFIED FREQUENCY SCHEME FOR COHERENT TRANSPONDERS 4514696 USA 30AP1985 NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR 4514707 USA 30AP1985 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR CONTROLLED PLANAR IMPATT DIODE OSCILLATOR 4516220 USA 07MY1985 PULSE DEINTERLEAVING SIGNAL PROCESSOR AND METHOD 4526050 USA 02JL1985 SELF-TENSIONING DIFFERENTIAL CAPSTAN CABLE DRIVE MECHANISM 4527127 USA 02JL1985 FREQUENCY ACQUISITION CIRCUIT FOR PHASE LOCKED LOOP 4527330 USA 09JL1985 IMPROVED METHOD FOR COUPLING AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE INTO AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT 4528526 USA 09JL1985 PSK MODULATOR WITH NONCOLLAPSABLE OUTPUT FOR USE WITH A PLL POWER AMPLIFIER 4531098 USA 23JL1985 WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE AMPLIFIER WITH SECOND HARMONIC SIGNAL CANCELLATION 4533917 USA 06AU1985 MULTIPLE FREQUENCY SIDE LOBE INTERFERENCE REJECTOR 4543544 USA 24SE1985 LCC CO-PLANAR LEAD FRAME SEMICONDUCTOR IC PACKAGE 4547888 USA 15OC1985 RECURSIVE ADAPTIVE EQUALIZER FOR SMSK DATA LINKS 4553218 USA 12NO1985 SYNCHRONOUS CARRY FREQUENCY DIVIDER AND METHOD OF USING THEREFOR 4556984 USA 03DE1985 FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER/DIVIDER APPARATUS AND METHOD 4558231 USA 10DE1985 VARIABLE RATE BI-DIRECTIONAL SLEW CONTROL AND METHOD THEREFOR 4560987 USA 24DE1985 RADAR TARGET DOPPLER FREQUENCY SCINTILLATION SIMULATOR AND METHOD 4562415 USA 31DE1985 UNIVERSAL ULTRA-PRECISIONPSK MODULATOR WITH TIME MULTIPLEXEDMODES OF VARYING MODULATION TYPES 4563064 USA 07JA1986 CONICAL FIELD-OF-VIEW RADAR TRANSMITTER SYSTEM 4572846 USA 25FE1986 METHOD OF HERMETICALLY SEALING ELECTRONIC PACKAGES 4580102 USA 01AP1986 FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATOR UTILIZING CARRIER CONSTRUCTION 4581673 USA 08AP1986 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTION AND RECOVERY FROM LATCH-UP OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 4584533 USA 22AP1986 NON-COHERENT BPSK DEMODULATOR 4584538 USA 22AP1986 MODULUS CONTROL LOOP 4587523 USA 06MY1986 RADAR RANGE TRACKING APPARATUS AND METHOD 4587625 USA 06MY1986 PROCESSOR FOR SIMULATING DIGITAL STRUCTURES 4591890 USA 27MY1986 RADIATION HARD MOS DEVICES AND METHODS FOR THE MANUFACTURE 4593256 USA 03JE1986 OSCILLATOR WITH SWITCHED REACTANCE RESONATOR FOR WIDE BANDWIDTH & SERIAL BIAS CONNECTIONS FOR LOW POWER 4593393 USA 03JE1986 QUASI-PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECKER 4598170 USA 01JL1986 SECURE MICROPROCESSOR 4600889 USA 15JL1986 COHERENT OSCILLATOR 4600894 USA 15JL1986 PLANAR RADIAL RESONATOR OSCILLATOR/AMPLIFIER 4601048 USA 15JL1986 SERIAL MINIMUM SHIFT-KEYED MODEM 4601915 USA 22JL1986 METHOD OF FABRICATING AIRSUPPORTED CROSSOVERS 4603437 USA 29JL1986 BALANCED MIXER 4605908 USA 12AU1986 DISABLE CIRCUIT FOR A PHASE LOCKED LOOP DISCRIMINATOR CIRCUIT 4611186 USA 09SE1986 NONCONTACTING MIC GROUND PLANE COUPLING USING A BROADBAND VIRTUAL SHORT CIRCUIT GAP 4612496 USA 16SE1986 LINEAR VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENTCONVERTER 4612626 USA 16SE1986 METHOD OF PERFORMING REALINPUT FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS 4613735 USA 23SE1986 TUBULAR SWITCH PACKAGE WITH SLIDING CONTACTS FORMING A PORTION THEREOF 4613825 USA 23SE1986 RAPID ACQUISITION TRACKING PLL WITH FAST AND SLOW SWEEP SPEEDS 4614878 USA 30SE1986 PULSE GENERATOR 4622555 USA 11NO1986 CODED PULSE DOPPLER RADARWITH CLUTTER-ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND METHOD THEREFOR 4623841 USA 18NO1986 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MAGNETIC MATERIALS USING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE 4623846 USA 18NO1986 CONSTANT DUTY CYCLE FREQUENCY PROGRAMMABLE CLOCK GENERATOR 4623856 USA 18NO1986 INCREMENTALLY TUNED RF FILTER HAVING PIN DIODE SWITCHEND LINES 4630012 USA 16DE1986 RING SHAPED DIELECTRIC RESONATOR WITH ADJUSTABLE TUNING SCREW EXTENDING UPWARDLY INTO RING OPENING 4630031 USA 16DE1986 PULSE WIDTH DISCRIMINATING A/D CONVERTER 4630050 USA 16DE1986 DUAL PURPOSE GUIDANCE SYSTEM FOR A GUIDED MISSILE 4632485 USA 30DE1986 ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT TESTING APPARATUS 4635223 USA 06JA1987 FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUIT FOR A COMMERCIAL MICROPROCESSOR 4636734 USA 13JA1987 LOW SPURIOUS NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR APPARATUS AND METHOD 4638423 USA 20JA1987 EMULATING COMPUTER 4642642 USA 10FE1987 ADAPTIVE MONOPULSE PHASE AMPLITUDE CALIBRATION CORRECTION SYSTEM 4646036 USA 24FE1987 SIGNAL ATTENUATION CIRCUIT 4654755 USA 31MR1987 MICROWAVE/MILLIMETER WAVEGROUND PLANE 4706093 USA 10NO1987 MONOPULSE TRACKING SYSTEMSUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF EXTERNALLY GENERATED NOISE 4715001 USA 22DE1987 EXTREMELY ACCURATE AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL CIRCUIT AND METHOD THEREFOR 4740962 USA 26AP1988 SYNCHRONIZER FOR TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXED DATA 4742533 USA 03MY1988 SOFT DECISION DIGITAL COMMUNICATION APPARATUS 4742550 USA 03MY1988 4800 BPS INTEROPERABLE RELP SYSTEM 4743867 USA 10MY1988 COMPENSATION CIRCUITRY FOR DUAL PORT PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS 4748449 USA 31MY1988 RF ABSORBING ABLATING APPARATUS 4748577 USA 31MY1988 LOGARITHMIC DATA COMPRESSION 4768208 USA 20AU1988 MID-SYMBOL SAMPLING TIMING ESTIMATOR 4802640 USA 07FE1989 OBLIQUE AXIS SEEKER 4852123 USA 25JL1989 NEARLY DC IF PHASE LOCKEDTRANSCEIVER 4856004 USA 08AU1989 MICROPROCESSOR BASED BCH DECODER 4866713 USA 12SE1989 OPERATIONAL FUNCTION CHECKING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MICROPROCESSORS 4872133 USA 03OC1989 FLOATING-POINT SYSTOLIC ARRAY INCLUDING SERIAL PROCESSORS 4872202 USA 03OC1989 ASCII LPC-10 CONVERSION 4888801 USA 19DE1989 HIERARCHICAL KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 4899159 USA 06FE1990 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR A M-OUT-OF-N DETECTION SCHEME 4914728 USA 03AP1990 WIDEBAND MMIC ACTIVE QUADRATURE HYBRID 4922059 USA 01MY1990 ORIGAMI COMPOSITE EMI/TEMPEST PROOF ELECTRONICS MODULE 4926476 USA 15MY1990 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SECURE EXECUTION OF UNTRUSTED SOFTWARE 4943982 USA 24JL1990 BASEBAND CARRIER PHASE CORRECTOR 4944008 USA 24JL1990 ELECTRONIC KEYING SCHEME FOR LOCKING DATA 4961058 USA 02OC1990 FEEDBACK STABILIZATION LOOP 4970456 USA 13NO1990 TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED POWER DETECTOR 4970660 USA 13NO1990 ACCUMULATED STATISTICS CONSTANT FALSE ALARM RATE SIGNAL PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE 4977613 USA 11DE1990 FINE TUNING CIRCUITRY FORFREQUENCY CONTROL SYSTEM 4979175 USA 18DE1990 STATE METRIC MEMORY ARRANGEMENT FOR A VITERBI DECODER 4987595 USA 22JA1991 SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSOR ARRANGEMENT 4992761 USA 12FE1991 PASSIVE 180 DEGREE BROADBAND M MIC HYBRID 4993067 USA 12FE1991 SECURE SATELLITE OVER-THE-AIR REKEYING METHOD AND SYSTEM 4994757 USA 19FE1991 EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF POWER AMPLIFIERS 4998217 USA 05MR1991 SWEEP GENERATOR LINEARIZATION SYSTEM AND METHOD 5002347 USA 26MR1991 STEPPED THICKNESS SPECTRAL FILTER FOR FOCAL PLANE FLATTENING 5003593 USA 26MR1991 TELECONFERENCING METHOD FOR A SECURE KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 5023576 USA 11JE1991 BROADBAND 180 DEGREE HYBRID 5029206 USA 02JL1991 UNIFORM INTERFACE FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES 5047787 USA 10SE1991 COUPLING CANCELLATION FOR ANTENNA ARRAYS 5063360 USA 05NO1991 PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY PUSHING COMPENSATION CIRCUIT 5065428 USA 12NO1991 SECURE MODE ANSWERING MACHINE 5081466 USA 14JA1992 TAPERED NOTCH ANTENNA 5103194 USA 07AP1992 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR FEED BACK STABILIZER 5103451 USA 07AP1992 PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK CIRCUIT 5111155 USA 05MY1992 DISTORTION COMPENSATION MEANS AND METHOD 5121401 USA 09JE1992 PULSED MODULATORS UTILIZING TRANSMISSION LINES 5121413 USA 09JE1992 DIGITAL PULSE PROCESSOR FOR DETERMINING LEADING AND TRAILING TIME OF-ARRIVAL 5124958 USA 23JE1992 DIGITAL TAU SYNTHESIZER 5126716 USA 30JE1992 ARTIFICIAL RESISTIVE CARD 5128638 USA 07JL1992 FOUR-PORT QUADRATURE COUPLER SUITABLE FOR MONOLIGHTIC IMPLEMENTATION 5128967 USA 07JL1992 SYMBOL STATE TRELLIS MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD DETECTION METHOD 5140510 USA 18AU1992 CONSTANT FREQUENCY POWER CONVERTER 5144266 USA 01SE1992 BROADBAND HIGH FREQUENCY ACTIVE MMIC CIRCULATOR 5144268 USA 01SE1992 BANDPASS FILTER UTILIZING CAPACITIVELY COUPLED STEPPED IMPEDANCE RESONATORS 5170175 USA 08DE1992 THIN FILM RESISTIVE LOADING FOR ANTENNAS 5173941 USA 22DE1992 REDUCED CODEBOOK SEARCH ARRANGEMENT FOR CELP VOCODERS 5175517 USA 29DE1992 LUMPED ELEMENT REALIZATION OF RING HYBRIDS INCLUDING PI CIRCUIT AND TANK CIRCUIT MEANS 5175703 USA 29DE1992 HIGH SPEED FULL ADDER AND METHOD 5177381 USA 05JA1993 DISTRIBUTED LOGARITHMIC AMPLIFIER AND METHOD 5179591 USA 12JA1993 ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT 5179594 USA 12JA1993 EFFICIENT CALCULATION OF AUTOCORRELATION COEFFICIENTS FOR CELP VOCODER ADAPTIVE CODEBOOK 5185611 USA 09FE1993 COMPACT ANTENNA ARRAY FOR DIVERSITY APPLICATIONS 5185654 USA 09FE1993 ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME 5187745 USA 16FE1993 EFFICIENT CODEBOOK SEARCH FOR CELP VOCODERS 5196805 USA 23MR1993 DISTRIBUTED DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER ARRANGEMENT 5208853 USA 04MY1993 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USAGE PROTECTION OF DATA FILES USING SPLIT KEY AND UNIQUE VARIABLE 5218325 USA 08JE1993 LOW NOISE OSCILLATOR 5221885 USA 22JE1993 LOW-POWER DUAL VOLTAGE DRIVE CIRCUIT AND METHOD 5223691 USA 29JE1993 PLASMA BASED SOLDERING METHOD REQUIRING NO ADDITIONAL HEAT SOURCES OR FLUX 5226152 USA 06JL1993 FUNCTIONAL LOCKSTEP ARRANGEMENT FOR REDUNDANT PROCESSORS 5227589 USA 13JL1993 PLATED THROUGH INTERCONNECT SOLDER THIEF 5230020 USA 20JL1993 ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT 5249212 USA 28SE1993 OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION WITH ERROR CORRECTION 5249231 USA 28SE1993 MEMORY TAGGING FOR OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION 5260644 USA 09NO1993 SELF-ADJUSTING SHUNT REGULATOR AND METHOD 5265243 USA 23NO1993 PROCESSOR INTERFACE CONTROLLER FOR INTERFACING PERIPHERAL DEVICES TO A PROCESSOR 5271023 USA 14DE1993 UNINTERRUPTABLE FAULT TOLERANT DATA PROCESSOR 5274675 USA 28DE1993 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POST-CORRELATION SCORING CIRCUIT 5292254 USA 08MR1994 METHOD FOR DETERMINING MINE-FIELD EFFECTS IN A SIMULATED BATTLEFIELD 5298905 USA 29MR1994 VISIBLE LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING APPARATUS AND METHOD 5303418 USA 12AP1994 HIGH ISOLATION MIXER 5304961 USA 19AP1994 IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMING DIRECTIONAL COUPLER 5307379 USA 26AP1994 AUTOMATIC NOISE CHARACTERIZATION FOR OPTIMALLY ENABLING A RECEIVER 5311122 USA 10MY1994 RF TEST INTERFACE CONNECTION 5317320 USA 31MY1994 MULTIPLE RADAR INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR 5321420 USA 14JE1994 OPERATOR INTERFACE FOR AN ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM 5326414 USA 05JL1994 ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF 5335281 USA 02AU1994 NETWORK CONTROLLER AND METHOD 5338617 USA 16AU1994 RADIO FREQUENCY ABSORBING SHIELD AND METHOD 5338645 USA 16AU1994 THREE DIMENSIONAL PRINTED CIRCUITS 5339459 USA 16AU1994 HIGH SPEED SAMPLE AND HOLD CIRCUIT AND RADIO CONSTRUCTED THEREWITH 5339462 USA 16AU1994 BROADBAND MIXER CIRCUIT AND METHOD 5341115 USA 23AU1994 REINFORCED WRAP AROUND GROUND AND METHOD 5341426 USA 23AU1994 CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD 5341427 USA 23AU1994 ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS 5342999 USA 30AU1994 APPARATUS FOR ADAPTING SEMICONDUCTOR DIE PADS AND METHOD THEREFOR 5345056 USA 06SE1994 PLASMA BASED SOLDERING BY INDIRECT HEATING 5357567 USA 18OC1994 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VOLUME SWITCHED GAIN CONTROL 5359444 USA 25OC1994 AUTO-FOCUSING OPTICAL APPARATUS 5365182 USA 15NO1994 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOW POWER CLOCK GENERATION FOR HIGH SPEED APPLICATIONS 5365591 USA 15NO1994 A SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC LOGIC ARRANGEMENT 5373556 USA 13DE1994 QUICK CONNECT HOUSING COUPLING AND METHOD 5374945 USA 20DE1994 GRAY LEVEL PRINTING USING A THERMAL PRINTHEAD 5381332 USA 10JA1995 PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED SCHEDULE AND COST INTEGRATION 5382958 USA 17JA1995 A TIME TRANSFER POSITION LOCATION METHOD AND APPARATUS 5383185 USA 17JA1995 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA COLLISION DETECTION IN A MULTI- PROCESSOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 5386204 USA 31JA1995 HIGH ISOLATION MICROWAVE MODULE 5389738 USA 14FE1995 TAMPERPROOF ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE 5390238 USA 14FE1995 HEALTH SUPPORT SYSTEM 5394156 USA 28FE1995 DIGITAL RANGE TURN-AROUND FOR TRACKING, TELEMETRY AND CONTROL TRANSPONDER 5401689 USA 28MR1995 METHOD FOR FORMING A SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP CARRIER 5406842 USA 18AP1995 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING MICROWAVE SIGNALS 5414738 USA 09MY1995 MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD PATHS COMPARISON DECODER 5442327 USA 15AU1995 MMIC TUNABLE BIPHASE MODULATOR 5442330 USA 15AU1995 COUPLED LINE FILTER WITH IMPROVED OUT OF BAND REJECTION 5446423 USA 29AU1995 DIGITAL SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR AND METHOD 5446760 USA 29AU1995 PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL PULSE SHAPING PHASE MODULATOR 5453720 USA 26SE1995 DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE PHASDE MODULATOR AND METHOD 5454720 USA 03OC1995 METHOD FOR THE ELIMINATION OF AMBIGUOUS SOLUTIONS IN HYPERBOLIC POSITIONING SYSTEMS 5459681 USA 17OC1995 SPECIAL FUNCTION ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT METHOD AND APPARATUS 5459756 USA 17OC1995 A SAMPLING PHASE DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT 5465300 USA 07NO1995 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 5473557 USA 05DE1995 COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD 5477009 USA 19DE1995 RESEALABLE MULTICHIP MODULE AND METHOD THEREFORE 5479559 USA 26DE1995 EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD 5481231 USA 02JA1996 LUMPED ELEMENT FOUR PORT COUPLER 5490148 USA 06FE1996 BIT ERROR RATE ESTIMATOR 5493309 USA 20FE1996 COLLISON AVOIDANCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD 5497160 USA 05MR1996 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTO-CORRELATION AND RANGE CORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS 5497400 USA 05MR1996 DECISION FEEDBACK DEMODULATOR WITH PHASE AND FREQUENCY ESTIMATION 5504802 USA 02AP1996 A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING DATA HAVING A WIRELINE INTERFACE 5612978 USA 18MR1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REAL-TIME ADAPTIVE INTERFERENCE CAN CELLATION IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS 5615266 USA 25MR1997 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 5623575 USA 22AP1997 EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD 5630225 USA 13MY1997 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR IMAGE REJECT MIXER AND METHOD 5633804 USA 27MY1997 METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCING PRINTED WIRING BOARD FABRICATION DRAWINGS 5646626 USA 08JL1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIGITAL CORRELATION IN PSEUDORANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS 5646627 USA 08JL1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A BIPHASE MODULATOR TOIMPROVE AUTOCORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS 5664084 USA 02SE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VISUALLY CORRELATING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS 5664113 USA 02SE1997 WORKING ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD 5673212 USA 30SE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR WITH PARTITIONED PHASE ACCUMULATOR 5696880 USA 09DE1997 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USER AUTHENTICATION METHOD 5699513 USA 16DE1997 METHOD FOR SECURE NETWORK ACCESS VIA MESSAGE INTERCEPT 5703479 USA 30DE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT ISOLATION BY A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM TESTER 5703903 USA 30DE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE FILTERING IN A HIGH INTERFERENCE ENVIRONMENT 5721782 USA 24FE1998 PARTITIONED ECHO CANCELER UTILIZING DECIMATION ECHO LOCATION 5726663 USA 10MR1998 SURVIVAL RADIO INTERROGATOR 5727125 USA 10MR1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIS OF SPEECH EXCITATION WAVE FORMS 5731539 USA 24MR1998 TARGET DETECTION METHOD 5744930 USA 28AP1998 UNIVERSAL BATTERY COMPARTMENT 5751718 USA 12MY1998 SIMULTANEOUS TRANSFER OF VOICE AND DATA INFORMATION USING MULTI-RATE VOCODER AND BYTE CONTROL PROTOCOL 5757848 USA 26MY1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DECIMATING DIGITAL PN CORRELATOR 5777528 USA 07JL1998 MODE SUPPRESSING COPLANAR WAVE GUIDE TRANSITION AND METHOD 5778416 USA 07JL1998 PARALLEL PROCESS ADDRESS GENERATOR AND METHOD 5793749 USA 11AU1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATIONS TESTING USING A RECORDED TEST MESSAGE 5797121 USA 18AU1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR QUANTIZATION OF SPEECH PARAMETERS 5798765 USA 25AU1998 A THREE DIMENSIONAL LIGHT INTENSITY DISPLAY MAP 5809036 USA 15SE1998 BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE SYSTEM AND METHOD 5809396 USA 15SE1998 RADIO TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK WITH SELECTABLE RING SIGNALCOVERAGE 5822193 USA 13OC1998 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RIGIDLY STABILIZING CIRCUIT BOARDS 5822687 USA 13OC1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC TUNING CALIBRATION OF ELECTRICALLY TUNED FILTERS 5838151 USA 17NO1998 WIRELESS LOAD SHARING FOR PARALLEL POWER CONVERTERS AND METHOD 5841874 USA 24NO1998 TERNARY CAM MEMORY ARCHTIECTURE AND METHODOLOGY 5856970 USA 05JA1999 MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELLATION METHOD AND APPARATUS 5861882 USA 19JA1999 INTEGRATED TEST AND MEASUREMENT MEANS EMPLOYING A GRPHICAL USER INTERFACE 5862132 USA 19JA1999 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTIPLE ACCESS SHORT MESSAGE COMMUNICATIONS 5862152 USA 19JA1999 HIERARCHICALLY MANAGED BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE MODULE AND METHOD 5867774 USA 02FE1999 SMART CONTROL PANEL FOR A RADIO 5883792 USA 16MR1999 PRINTED WIRING CARD END BRACKET FOR RUGGEDIZING PRINTED WIRING CARDS 5894285 USA 13AP1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS TO SENSE AIRCRAFT PILOT EJECTION FOR RESCUE RADIO ACTUATION 5896452 USA 20AP1999 MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELER AND METHOD USING CONVOLUTION OF TWO TRAINING SIGNALS 5901226 USA 04MY1999 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC HANDOFF 5903603 USA 11MY1999 MODEM TRAINING APPARATUS AND METHOD 5909359 USA 01JE1999 APPARATUS FOR A CIRCUIT BOARD EXTENDER 5917911 USA 29JE1999 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIERACHICAL KEY ACCESS AND RECOVERY 5918028 USA 29JE1999 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SMART HOST BUS ADAPTER FOR PERSONALCOMPUTER CARDS 5926756 USA 20JL1999 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROGRAMMING A CELLULAR PHONE 5930291 USA 27JL1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SELECTING RANDOM VALUES FROM A NON- SEQUENTIAL SET 5930292 USA 27JL1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTOCORRELATION IN BIPHASE MODULATED PSEUDORANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS USING TRI STATE DEMODULATION 5930359 USA 27JL1999 CASCADABLE CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY AND SYSTEM 5940439 USA 17AU1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE RATE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 5940508 USA 17AU1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEAMLESS CRYPTO REKEY SYSTEM 5941708 USA 24AU1999 METHOD FOR SIMULATING TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF AREA WEAPONS 5944822 USA 31AU1999 CHANNEL ISOLATION ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR DISSOCIATED DATA 5945891 USA 31AU1999 MOLDED WAVEGUIDE FEED AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME 5946399 USA 31AU1999 FAILSAFE DEVICE DRIVER AND METHOD 5949248 USA 07SE1999 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DYNAMIC HARDENING OF A DIGITAL CIRCUIT 5953384 USA 14SE1999 AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF GPS CABLE DELAY TIME 5953645 USA 14SE1999 MULTIPLE FREQUENCY BAND TERMINATION CIRCUIT AND METHOD 5958073 USA 28SE1999 RELIABILITY ENHANCED PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING 5966799 USA 19OC1999 METHOD OF MOLDING FREE-FLOATING INSERT 5990703 USA 23NO1999 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A LOW POWER LATCHABLE ADDER 5995042 USA 30NO1999 SPOOFER DETECTION POWER MANAGEMENT FOR GPS RECEIVERS 5995628 USA 30NO1999 FAILSAFE SECURITY SYSTEM AND METHOD 5996406 USA 07DE1999 ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR A MATERIAL STORAGE MEASURING DEVICE 5999990 USA 07DE1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 6000054 USA 07DE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING BINARY INFORMATION USING RESTRICTED CODED MUDULATION AND PARALLELCONCATENATED CONVOLUTION CODES 6002375 USA 14DE1999 MULTI-SUBSTRATE HIGH FREQUENCY CIRCUIT 6002878 USA 14DE1999 PROCESSOR POWER CONSUMPTION ESTIMATOR AND METHOD THEREFOR 6020770 USA 01FE2000 TRANSPARENT LATCH-BASED SEQUENCER AND SEQUENCE CONTROLLING METHOD 6026490 USA 15FE2000 CONFIGURABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING ENGINE AND METHOD 6035313 USA 07MR2000 MEMORY ADDRESS GENERATOR FOR AN FET AND METHOD 6037748 USA 14MR2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROL OF AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM USING INTELLIGENT MOVEMENT DETECTION 6038265 USA 14MR2000 APPARATUS FOR AMPLIFYING A SIGNAL USING DIGITAL PULSE WIDTHMODULATORS 6044323 USA 28MR2000 SATELLITE BASED COMMERCIAL AND MILITARY INTERCITY AND INTERCONTINENTAL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL 6044458 USA 28MR2000 CONTROL FLOW MONITOR SYSTEM AND METHOD 6072986 USA 06JE2000 METHOD OF IDENTIFYING ANTENNA BEAMS FOR TRANSMISSION OF RINGALERT MESSAGES 6073014 USA 06JE2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE 6081215 USA 27JE2000 HIGH-SPEED INTERLACED ANALOG INTERFACE 6081895 USA 27JE2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING DATA UNIT PROCESSING 6081896 USA 27JE2000 CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH PROGRAMMABLE FUNCTION UNITS AND METHOD 6084919 USA 04JL2000 COMMUNICATION UNIT HAVING SPECTRAL ADAPTABILITY 6085073 USA 04JL2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCING THE SAMPLING RATE OF A SIGNALFOR USE IN DEMODULATING HIGH MODULATION INDEX FREQUENCY MODULATED SIGNALS 6085090 USA 04JL2000 AUTONOMOUS INTERROGATABLE INFORMATION AND POSITION DEVICE 6085350 USA 04JL2000 SINGLE EVENT UPSET TOLERANT SYSTEM AND METHOD 6088581 USA 11JL2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AMPLITUDE MODULATED INTERFERENCE IN A RECEIVER 6088804 USA 11JL2000 ADAPTIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RESPONDING TO COMPUTER NETWORK SECURITY ATTACKS 6090151 USA 18JL2000 ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR 6098133 USA 01AU2000 BUS ARBITER INTERCONNECT MODULE 6101255 USA 08AU2000 PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD 6108419 USA 22AU2000 DIFFERENTIAL FAULT ANALYSIS HARDENING APPARATUS AND EVALUATION METHOD 6112229 USA 29AU2000 SECURE TERMINAL SYSTEM AND METHOD OF COMMUNICATING 6118805 USA 12SE2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FREQUENCY HOPPING ADAPTATION 6122309 USA 19SE2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES 6133854 USA 17OC2000 SATELLITE SUPPORTED TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLER 6134484 USA 17OC2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF SPACECRAFT BASED TIME AND POSITION USING GPS 6141548 USA 31OC2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 6141757 USA 31OC2000 SECURE COMPUTER WITH BUS MONITORING SYSTEM AND METHODS 6144739 USA 07NO2000 COMPUTER NETWORK PROTECTION USING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SEALING SOFTWARE AGENTS AND OBJECTS 6147646 USA 14NO2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION ABOUT A PLURALITY OF EMITTERS 6147980 USA 14NO2000 AVIONICS SATELLITE BASED DATA MESSAGE ROUTING AND DELIVERY SYSTEM 6148196 USA 14NO2000 REMOTE CONTROL AND LOCATION SYSTEM 6154489 USA 28NO2000 ADAPTIVE-RATE CODED DIGITAL IMAGE TRANSMISSION 6181272 USA 30JA2001 DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK 6185430 USA 06FE2001 VOICE CALL GROUP FUNCTION FOR A SATELLITE BASED AIR 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PROCESSOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM NI-113098 TAIW 01AP2000 PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD 4977379 USA 11DE1990 DIFFERENTIAL PAIR PUSH-PUSH OSCILLATOR 4412337 USA 25OC1983 POWER AMPLIFIER AND ENVELOPE CORRECTION CIRCUITRY 4442433 USA 10AP1984 ADAPTIVE SIGNAL PROCESSING APPARATUS 4447772 USA 08MY1984 TEMPERATURE STABLE PULSE COUNTING FM DETECTOR 4454604 USA 12JE1984 VIRTUAL TIME BASE DIRECT SYNCHRONIZER AND METHED THEREFOR 4457003 USA 26JE1984 TIME REFERENCE TRACKING LOOP FOR FREQUENCY HOPPING SYSTEMS 4482975 USA 13NO1984 FUNCTION GENERATOR 4486846 USA 04DE1984 NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR USING QUADRANT REPLICATION& FUNCTION DECOMPOSITION 4489325 USA 18DE1984 ELECTRONICALLY SCANNED SPACE FED ANTENNA SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATION THEREOF 4494238 USA 15JA1985 MULTIPLE CHANNEL DATA LINK SYSTEM 4495506 USA 22JA1985 IMAGE SPATIAL FILTER 4507795 USA 26MR1985 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR LOCATING LEADING AND TRAILING EDGESOF RF PULSES 4513447 USA 23AP1985 SIMPLIFIED FREQUENCY SCHEME FOR COHERENT TRANSPONDERS 4514696 USA 30AP1985 NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR 4514707 USA 30AP1985 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR CONTROLLED PLANAR IMPATT DIODE OSCILLATOR 4516220 USA 07MY1985 PULSE DEINTERLEAVING SIGNAL PROCESSOR AND METHOD 4526050 USA 02JL1985 SELF-TENSIONING DIFFERENTIAL CAPSTAN CABLE DRIVE MECHANISM 4527127 USA 02JL1985 FREQUENCY ACQUISITION CIRCUIT FOR PHASE LOCKED LOOP 4527330 USA 09JL1985 IMPROVED METHOD FOR COUPLING AN ELECTRONIC DEVICE INTO AN ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT 4528526 USA 09JL1985 PSK MODULATOR WITH NONCOLLAPSABLE OUTPUT FOR USE WITH A PLL POWER AMPLIFIER 4531098 USA 23JL1985 WIDE DYNAMIC RANGE AMPLIFIER WITH SECOND HARMONIC SIGNAL CANCELLATION 4533917 USA 06AU1985 MULTIPLE FREQUENCY SIDE LOBE INTERFERENCE REJECTOR 4543544 USA 24SE1985 LCC CO-PLANAR LEAD FRAME SEMICONDUCTOR IC PACKAGE 4547888 USA 15OC1985 RECURSIVE ADAPTIVE EQUALIZER FOR SMSK DATA LINKS 4553218 USA 12NO1985 SYNCHRONOUS CARRY FREQUENCY DIVIDER AND METHOD OF USING THEREFOR 4556984 USA 03DE1985 FREQUENCY MULTIPLIER/DIVIDER APPARATUS AND METHOD 4558231 USA 10DE1985 VARIABLE RATE BI-DIRECTIONAL SLEW CONTROL AND METHOD THEREFOR 4560987 USA 24DE1985 RADAR TARGET DOPPLER FREQUENCY SCINTILLATION SIMULATOR AND METHOD 4562415 USA 31DE1985 UNIVERSAL ULTRA-PRECISIONPSK MODULATOR WITH TIME MULTIPLEXEDMODES OF VARYING MODULATION TYPES 4563064 USA 07JA1986 CONICAL FIELD-OF-VIEW RADAR TRANSMITTER SYSTEM 4572846 USA 25FE1986 METHOD OF HERMETICALLY SEALING ELECTRONIC PACKAGES 4580102 USA 01AP1986 FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATOR UTILIZING CARRIER CONSTRUCTION 4581673 USA 08AP1986 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR PROTECTION AND RECOVERY FROM LATCH-UP OF INTEGRATED CIRCUITS 4584533 USA 22AP1986 NON-COHERENT BPSK DEMODULATOR 4584538 USA 22AP1986 MODULUS CONTROL LOOP 4587523 USA 06MY1986 RADAR RANGE TRACKING APPARATUS AND METHOD 4587625 USA 06MY1986 PROCESSOR FOR SIMULATING DIGITAL STRUCTERES 4591890 USA 27MY1986 RADIATION HARD MOS DEVICES AND METHODS FOR THE MANUFACTURE 4593256 USA 03JE1986 OSCILLATOR WITH SWITCHED REACTANCE RESONATOR FOR WIDE BANDWIDTH & SERIAL BIAS CONNECTIONS FOR LOW POWER 4593393 USA 03JE1986 QUASI-PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECKER 4598170 USA 01JL1986 SECURE MICROPROCESSOR 4600889 USA 15JL1986 COHERENT OSCILLATOR 4600894 USA 15JL1986 PLANAR RADIAL RESONATOR OSCILLATOR/AMPLIFIER 4601048 USA 15JL1986 SERIAL MINIMUM SHIFT-KEYED MODEM 4601915 USA 22JL1986 METHOD OF FABRICATING AIRSUPPORTED CROSSOVERS 4603437 USA 29JL1986 BALANCED MIXER 4605908 USA 12AU1986 DISABLE CIRCUIT FOR A PHASE LOCKED LOOP DISCRIMINATOR CIRCUIT 4611186 USA 09SE1986 NONCONTACTING MIC GROUND PLANE COUPLING USING A BROADBAND VIRTUAL SHORT CIRCUIT GAP 4612496 USA 16SE1986 LINEAR VOLTAGE-TO-CURRENTCONVERTER 4612626 USA 16SE1986 METHOD OF PERFORMING REAL INPUT FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS 4613735 USA 23SE1986 TUBULAR SWITCH PACKAGE WITH SLIDING CONTACTS FORMING A PORTION THEREOF 4613825 USA 23SE1986 RAPID ACQUISITION TRACKING PLL WITH FAST AND SLOW SWEEP SPEEDS 4614878 USA 30SE1986 PULSE GENERATOR 4622555 USA 11NO1986 CODED PULSE DOPPLER RADAR WITH CLUTTER-ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND METHOD THEREFOR 4623841 USA 18NO1986 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MAGNETIC MATERIALS USING POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE 4623846 USA 18NO1986 CONSTANT DUTY CYCLE FREQUENCY PROGRAMMABLE CLOCK GENERATOR 4623856 USA 18NO1986 INCREMENTALLY TUNED RF FILTER HAVING PIN DIODE SWITCHEND LINES 4630012 USA 16DE1986 RING SHAPED DIELECTRIC RESONATOR WITH ADJUSTABLE TUNING SCREW EXTENDING UPWARDLY INTO RING OPENING 4630031 USA 16DE1986 PULSE WIDTH DISCRIMINATING A/D CONVERTER 4630050 USA 16DE1986 DUAL PURPOSE GUIDANCE SYSTEM FOR A GUIDED MISSILE 4632485 USA 30DE1986 ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT TESTING APPARATUS 4635223 USA 06JA1987 FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUIT FOR A COMMERCIAL MICROPROCESSOR 4636734 USA 13JA1987 LOW SPURIOUS NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR APPARATUS AND METHOD 4638423 USA 20JA1987 EMULATING COMPUTER 4642642 USA 10FE1987 ADAPTIVE MONOPULSE PHASE AMPLITUDE CALIBRATION CORRECTION SYSTEM 4646036 USA 24FE1987 SIGNAL ATTENUATION CIRCUIT 4654755 USA 31MR1987 MICROWAVE/MILLIMETER WAVEGROUND PLANE 4706093 USA 10NO1987 MONOPULSE TRACKING SYSTEM SUBSTANTIALLY FREE OF EXTERNALLY GENERATED NOISE 4715001 USA 22DE1987 EXTREMELY ACCURATE AUTOMATIC FREQUENCY CONTROL CIRCUIT AND METHOD THEREFOR 4740962 USA 26AP1988 SYNCHRONIZER FOR TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXED DATA 4742533 USA 03MY1988 SOFT DECISION DIGITAL COMMUNICATION APPARATUS 4742550 USA 03MY1988 4800 BPS INTEROPERABLE RELP SYSTEM 4743867 USA 10MY1988 COMPENSATION CIRCUITRY FOR DUAL PORT PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS 4748449 USA 31MY1988 RF ABSORBING ABLATING APPARATUS 4748577 USA 31MY1988 LOGARITHMIC DATA COMPRESSION 4768208 USA 20AU1988 MID-SYMBOL SAMPLING TIMING ESTIMATOR 4802640 USA 07FE1989 OBLIQUE AXIS SEEKER 4852123 USA 25JL1989 NEARLY DC IF PHASE LOCKED TRANSCEIVER 4856004 USA 08AU1989 MICROPROCESSOR BASED BCH DECODER 4866713 USA 12SE1989 OPERATIONAL FUNCTION CHECKING METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MICROPROCESSORS 4872133 USA 03OC1989 FLOATING-POINT SYSTOLIC ARRAY INCLUDING SERIAL PROCESSORS 4872202 USA 03OC1989 ASCII LPC-10 CONVERSION 4888801 USA 19DE1989 HIERARCHICAL KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 4899159 USA 06FE1990 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR A M-OUT-OF-N DETECTION SCHEME 4914728 USA 03AP1990 WIDEBAND MMIC ACTIVE QUADRATURE HYBRID 4922059 USA 01MY1990 ORIGAMI COMPOSITE EMI/TEMPEST PROOF ELECTRONICS MODULE 4926476 USA 15MY1990 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SECURE EXECUTION OF UNTRUSTED SOFTWARE 4943982 USA 24JL1990 BASEBAND CARRIER PHASE CORRECTOR 4944008 USA 24JL1990 ELECTRONIC KEYING SCHEME FOR LOCKING DATA 4961058 USA 02OC1990 FEEDBACK STABILIZATION LOOP 4970456 USA 13NO1990 TEMPERATURE COMPENSATED POWER DETECTOR 4970660 USA 13NO1990 ACCUMULATED STATISTICS CONSTANT FALSE ALARM RATE SIGNAL PROCESSING METHOD AND DEVICE 4977613 USA 11DE1990 FINE TUNING CIRCUITRY FOR FREQUENCY CONTROL SYSTEM 4979175 USA 18DE1990 STATE METRIC MEMORY ARRANGEMENT FOR A VITERBI DECODER 4987595 USA 22JA1991 SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSOR ARRANGEMENT 4992761 USA 12FE1991 PASSIVE 180 DEGREE BROADBAND MMIC HYBRID 4993067 USA 12FE1991 SECURE SATELLITE OVER-THE-AIR REKEYING METHOD AND SYSTEM 4994757 USA 19FE1991 EFFICIENCY IMPROVEMENT OF POWER AMPLIFIERS 4998217 USA 05MR1991 SWEEP GENERATOR LINEARIZATION SYSTEM AND METHOD 5002347 USA 26MR1991 STEPPED THICKNESS SPECTRAL FILTER FOR FOCAL PLANE FLATTENING 5003593 USA 26MR1991 TELECONFERENCING METHOD FOR A SECURE KEY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM 5023576 USA 11JE1991 BROADBAND 180 DEGREE HYBRID 5029206 USA 02JL1991 UNIFORM INTERFACE FOR CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES 5047787 USA 10SE1991 COUPLING CANCELLATION FOR ANTENNA ARRAYS 5063360 USA 05NO1991 PULSE REPETITION FREQUENCY PUSHING COMPENSATION CIRCUIT 5065428 USA 12NO1991 SECURE MODE ANSWERING MACHINE 5081466 USA 14JA1992 TAPERED NOTCH ANTENNA 5103194 USA 07AP1992 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR FEED BACK STABILIZER 5103451 USA 07AP1992 PARALLEL CYCLIC REDUNDANCY CHECK CIRCUIT 5111155 USA 05MY1992 DISTORTION COMPENSATION MEANS AND METHOD 5121401 USA 09JE1992 PULSED MODULATORS UTILIZING TRANSMISSION LINES 5121413 USA 09JE1992 DIGITAL PULSE PROCESSOR FOR DETERMINING LEADING AND TRAILING TIME- OF-ARRIVAL 5124958 USA 23JE1992 DIGITAL TAU SYNTHESIZER 5126716 USA 30JE1992 ARTIFICIAL RESISTIVE CARD 5128638 USA 07JL1992 FOUR-PORT QUADRATURE COUPLER SUITABLE FOR MONOLIGHTIC IMPLEMENTATION 5128967 USA 07JL1992 SYMBOL STATE TRELLIS MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD DETECTION METHOD 5140510 USA 18AU1992 CONSTANT FREQUENCY POWER CONVERTER 5144266 USA 01SE1992 BROADBAND HIGH FREQUENCY ACTIVE MMIC CIRCULATOR 5144268 USA 01SE1992 BANDPASS FILTER UTILIZING CAPACITIVELY COUPLED STEPPED IMPEDANCE RESONATORS 5170175 USA 08DE1992 THIN FILM RESISTIVE LOADING FOR ANTENNAS 5173941 USA 22DE1992 REDUCED CODEBOOK SEARCH ARRANGEMENT FOR CELP VOCODERS 5175517 USA 29DE1992 LUMPED ELEMENT REALIZATION OF RING HYBRIDS INCLUDING PI CIRCUIT AND TANK CIRCUIT MEANS 5175703 USA 29DE1992 HIGH SPEED FULL ADDER AND METHOD 5177381 USA 05JA1993 DISTRIBUTED LOGARITHMIC AMPLIFIER AND METHOD 5179591 USA 12JA1993 ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT 5179594 USA 12JA1993 EFFICIENT CALCULATION OF AUTO CORRELATION COEFFICIENTS FOR CELP VOCODER ADAPTIVE CODEBOOK 5185611 USA 09FE1993 COMPACT ANTENNA ARRAY FOR DIVERSITY APPLICATIONS 5185654 USA 09FE1993 ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD FOR MAKING THE SAME 5187745 USA 16FE1993 EFFICIENT CODEBOOK SEARCH FOR CELP VOCODERS 5196805 USA 23MR1993 DISTRIBUTED DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER ARRANGEMENT 5208853 USA 04MY1993 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR USAGE PROTECTION OF DATA FILES USING SPLIT KEY AND UNIQUE VARIABLE 5218325 USA 08JE1993 LOW NOISE OSCILLATOR 5221885 USA 22JE1993 LOW-POWER DUAL VOLTAGE DRIVE CIRCUIT AND METHOD 5223691 USA 29JE1993 PLASMA BASED SOLDERING METHOD REQUIRING NO ADDITIONAL HEAT SOURCES OR FLUX 5226152 USA 06JL1993 FUNCTIONAL LOCKSTEP ARRANGEMENT FOR REDUNDANT PROCESSORS 5227589 USA 13JL1993 PLATED-THROUGH INTERCONNECT SOLDER THIEF 5230020 USA 20JL1993 ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT 5249212 USA 28SE1993 OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION WITH ERROR CORRECTION 5249231 USA 28SE1993 MEMORY TAGGING FOR OBJECT REUSE PROTECTION 5260644 USA 09NO1993 SELF-ADJUSTING SHUNT REGULATOR AND METHOD 5265243 USA 23NO1993 PROCESSOR INTERFACE CONTROLLER FOR INTERFACING PERIPHERAL DEVICES TO A PROCESSOR 5271023 USA 14DE1993 UNINTERRUPTABLE FAULT TOLERANT DATA PROCESSOR 5274675 USA 28DE1993 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POST-CORRELATION SCORING CIRCUIT 5292254 USA 08MR1994 METHOD FOR DETERMINING MINE-FIELD EFFECTS IN A SIMULATED BATTLEFIELD 5298905 USA 29MR1994 VISIBLE LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING APPARATUS AND METHOD 5303418 USA 12AP1994 HIGH ISOLATION MIXER 5304961 USA 19AP1994 IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMING DIRECTIONAL COUPLER 5307379 USA 26AP1994 AUTOMATIC NOISE CHARACTERIZATION FOR OPTIMALLY ENABLING A RECEIVER 5311122 USA 10MY1994 RF TEST INTERFACE CONNECTION 5317320 USA 31MY1994 MULTIPLE RADAR INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR 5321420 USA 14JE1994 OPERATOR INTERFACE FOR AN ELECTRONIC MEASUREMENT SYSTEM 5326414 USA 05JL1994 ELECTROSTATIC RF ABSORBANT CIRCUIT CARRIER ASSEMBLY AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION THEREOF 5335281 USA 02AU1994 NETWORK CONTROLLER AND METHOD 5338617 USA 16AU1994 RADIO FREQUENCY ABSORBING SHIELD AND METHOD 5338645 USA 16AU1994 THREE DIMENSIONAL PRINTED CIRCUITS 5339459 USA 16AU1994 HIGH SPEED SAMPLE AND HOLD CIRCUlT AND RADIO CONSTRUCTED THE REWITH 5339462 USA 16AU1994 BROADBAND MIXER CIRCUIT AND METHOD 5341115 USA 23AU1994 REINFORCED WRAP AROUND GROUND AND METHOD 5341426 USA 23AU1994 CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS AND METHOD 5341427 USA 23AU1994 ALGORITHM INDEPENDENT CRYPTOGRAPHIC KEY MANAGEMENT APPARATUS 5342999 USA 30AU1994 APPARATUS FOR ADAPTING SEMICONDUCTOR DIE PADS AND METHOD THE REFOR 5345056 USA 06SE1994 PLASMA BASED SOLDERING BY INDIRECT HEATING 5357567 USA 18OC1994 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VOLUME SWITCHED GAIN CONTROL 5359444 USA 25OC1994 AUTO-FOCUSING OPTICAL APPARATUS 5365182 USA 15NO1994 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOW POWER CLOCK GENERATION FOR HIGH SPEED APPLICATIONS 5365591 USA 15NO1994 A SECURE CRYPTOGRAPHIC LOGIC ARRANGEMENT 5373556 USA 13DE1994 QUICK CONNECT HOUSING COUPLING AND METHOD 5374945 USA 20DE1994 GRAY LEVEL PRINTING USING A THERMAL PRINTHEAD 5381332 USA 10JA1995 PROJECT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATED SCHEDULE AND COST INTEGRATION 5382958 USA 17JA1995 A TIME TRANSFER POSITION LOCATION METHOD AND APPARATUS 5383185 USA 17JA1995 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DATA COLLISION DETECTION IN A MULTI- PROCESSOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 5386204 USA 31JA1995 HIGH ISOLATION MICROWAVE MODULE 5389738 USA 14FE1995 TAMPERPROOF ARRANGEMENT FOR AN INTEGRATED CIRCUIT DEVICE 5390238 USA 14FE1995 HEALTH SUPPORT SYSTEM 5394156 USA 28FE1995 DIGITAL RANGE TURN-AROUND FOR TRACKING, TELEMETRY AND CONTROL TRANSPONDER 5401689 USA 28MR1995 METHOD FOR FORMING A SEMICONDUCTOR CHIP CARRIER 5406842 USA 18AP1995 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING MICROWAVE SIGNALS 5414738 USA 09MY1995 MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD PATHS COMPARISON DECODER 5442327 USA 15AU1995 MMIC TUNABLE BIPHASE MODULATOR 5442330 USA 15AU1995 COUPLED LINE FILTER WITH IMPROVED OUT OF BAND REJECTION 5446423 USA 29AU1995 DIGITAL SINGLE SIDEBAND MODULATOR AND METHOD 5446760 USA 29AU1995 PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL PULSE SHAPING PHASE MODULATOR 5453720 USA 26SE1995 DIGITAL ADJUSTABLE PHASDE MODULATOR AND METHOD 5454720 USA 03OC1995 METHOD FOR THE ELIMINATION OF AMBIGUOUS SOLUTIONS IN HYPERBOLIC POSITIONING SYSTEMS 5459681 USA 17OC1995 SPECIAL FUNCTION ARITHMETIC LOGIC UNIT METHOD AND APPARATUS 5459756 USA 17OC1995 A SAMPLING PHASE DETECTOR ARRANGEMENT 5465300 USA 07NO1995 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 5473557 USA 05DE1995 COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD 5477009 USA 19DE1995 RESEALABLE MULTICHIP MODULE AND METHOD THEREFORE 5479559 USA 26DE1995 EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD 5481231 USA 02JA1996 LUMPED ELEMENT FOUR PORT COUPLER 5490148 USA 06FE1996 BIT ERROR RATE ESTIMATOR 5493309 USA 20FE1996 COLLISON AVOIDANCE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD 5497160 USA 05MR1996 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTO-CORRELATION AND RANGE CORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS 5497400 USA 05MR1996 DECISION FEEDBACK DEMODULATOR WITH PHASE AND FREQUENCY ESTIMATION 5504802 USA 02AP1996 A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR TRANSMITTING AND RECEIVING DATA HAVING A WIRELINE INTERFACE 5504834 USA 02AP1996 PITCH EPOCH SYNCHRONOUS LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING VOCODER ANDMETHOD 5506889 USA 09AP1996 DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD 5514626 USA 07MY1996 METHOD FOR REDUCING HETEROSTRUCTURE ACCOUSTIC CHARGE TRANSPORT DEVICE SAW DRIVE POWER REQUIREMENTS 5517688 USA 14MY1996 MMIC FET MIXER AND METHOD 5518401 USA 21MY1996 NON-PYROTECHNIC CUES AND METHOD FOR AREA WEAPONS EFFECTS SIMULATION SYSTEM 5519403 USA 21MY1996 GPS COMMUNICATIONS MULTI-INTERFACE 5522085 USA 28MY1996 ARITHMETIC ENGINE WITH DUAL MULTIPLIER ACCUMULATOR DEVICES 5524134 USA 04JE1996 TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECURITY MODULE 5525999 USA 11JE1996 MULTI-RECEIVER MASTER CONTROL STATION FOR DIFFERENTIAL GPS AND METHOD 5528526 USA 18JE1996 ARBITRARY REPEATING PATTERN DETECTOR 5528634 USA 18JE1996 TRAJECTORY DIRECTED TIMING RECOVERY 5530758 USA 25JE1996 OPERATIONAL METHODS FOR A SECURE NODE IN A COMPUTER NETWORK 5543762 USA 06AU1996 N-WAY IMPEDANCE TRANSFORMING POWER DIVIDER/COMBINER 5551051 USA 27AU1996 ISOLATED MULTIPROCESSING COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE AND METHOD 5556281 USA 17SE1996 A SIMULATED AREA WEAPONS EFFECTS DISPLAY ARRANGEMENT 5566088 USA 15OC1996 MODULAR RADIO TEST SYSTEM AND METHOD 5568149 USA 22OC1996 A/D CONVERTER SUBSYSTEM WITH HALF LINEAR BUFFER AMPLIFIER 5571018 USA 05NO1996 AN ARRANGEMENT FOR SIMULATING INDIRECT FIRE IN COMBAT TRAINING 5574751 USA 12NO1996 METHOD FOR A SOFT-DECISION MODULATING SYSTEM 5576671 USA 19NO1996 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR POWER DIVIDING/COMBINING 5579394 USA 26NO1996 CLEAR CHANNEL INTERFACE MODULE AND METHOD THEREFOR 5579437 USA 26NO1996 PITCH EPOCH SYNCHRONOUS LINEAR PREDICTIVE CODING VOCODER ANDMETHOD 5583468 USA 10DE1996 HIGH FREQUENCY TRANSITIOHN FROM A MICROSTRIP TRANSMISSION LINE TO AN MMIC COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE 5584067 USA 10DE1996 DUAL TRAVELING WAVE RESONATOR FILTER AND METHOD 5588059 USA 24DE1996 COMPUTER SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR SECURE REMOTE COMMUNICATION SESSIONS 5588062 USA 24DE1996 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 5600260 USA 04FE1997 SEU HARDENING APPROACH FOR HIGH SPEED LOGIC 5603098 USA 11FE1997 INTEGRATED RADIATING AND COUPLING DEVICE FOR DUPLEX COMMUNICATIONS 5606322 USA 25FE1997 DIVERGENT CODE GENERATOR AND METHOD 5612948 USA 18MR1997 HIGH BANDWIDTH COMMUNICATION NETWORK AND METHOD 5612978 USA 18MR1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REAL-TIME ADAPTIVE INTERFERENCE CAN CELLATION IN DYNAMIC ENVIRONMENTS 5615266 USA 25MR1997 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 5623575 USA 22AP1997 EXCITATION SYNCHRONOUS TIME ENCODING VOCODER AND METHOD 5630225 USA 13MY1997 DIELECTRIC RESONATOR IMAGE REJECT MIXER AND METHOD 5633804 USA 27MY1997 METHOD FOR AUTOMATICALLY PRODUCING PRINTED WIRING BOARD FABRICATION DRAWINGS 5646626 USA 08JL1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DIGITAL CORRELATION IN PSEUDORANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS 5646627 USA 08JL1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING A BIPHASE MODULATOR TOIMPROVE AUTOCORRELATION IN PSEUDO-RANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS 5664084 USA 02SE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR VISUALLY CORRELATING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS 5664113 USA 02SE1997 WORKING ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND METHOD 5673212 USA 30SE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR NUMERICALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR WITH PARTITIONED PHASE ACCUMULATOR 5696880 USA 09DE1997 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USER AUTHENTICATION METHOD 5699513 USA 16DE1997 METHOD FOR SECURE NETWORK ACCESS VIA MESSAGE INTERCEPT 5703479 USA 30DE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT ISOLATION BY A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM TESTER 5703903 USA 30DE1997 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE FILTERING IN A HIGH INTERFERENCE ENVIRONMENT 5721782 USA 24FE1998 PARTITIONED ECHO CANCELER UTILIZING DECIMATION ECHO LOCATION 5726663 USA 10MR1998 SURVIVAL RADIO INTERROGATOR 5727125 USA 10MR1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SYNTHESIS OF SPEECH EXCITATION WAVE FORMS 5731539 USA 24MR1998 TARGET DETECTION METHOD 5744930 USA 28AP1998 UNIVERSAL BATTERY COMPARTMENT 5751718 USA 12MY1998 SIMULTANEOUS TRANSFER OF VOICE AND DATA INFORMATION USING MULTI-RATE VOCODER AND BYTE CONTROL PROTOCOL 5757848 USA 26MY1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A DECIMATING DIGITAL PNCORRELATOR 5777528 USA 07JL1998 MODE SUPPRESSING COPLANAR WAVE GUIDE TRANSITION AND METHOD 5778416 USA 07JL1998 PARALLEL PROCESS ADDRESS GENERATOR AND METHOD 5793749 USA 11AU1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATIONS TESTING USING A RECORDED TEST MESSAGE 5797121 USA 18AU1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR QUANTIZATION OF SPEECH PARAMETERS 5798765 USA 25AU1998 A THREE DIMENSIONAL LIGHT INTENSITY DISPLAY MAP 5809036 USA 15SE1998 BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE SYSTEM AND METHOD 5809396 USA 15SE1998 RADIO TELECOMMUNICATION NETWORK WITH SELECTABLE RING SIGNALCOVERAGE 5822193 USA 13OC1998 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR RIGIDLY STABILIZING CIRCUIT BOARDS 5822687 USA 13OC1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR AUTOMATIC TUNING CALIBRATION OF ELECTRICALLY TUNED FILTERS 5838151 USA 17NO1998 WIRELESS LOAD SHARING FOR PARALLEL POWER CONVERTERS AND METHOD 5841874 USA 24NO1998 TERNARY CAM MEMORY ARCHTIECTURE AND METHODOLOGY 5856970 USA 05JA1999 MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELLATION METHOD AND APPARATUS 5861882 USA 19JA1999 INTEGRATED TEST AND MEASUREMENT MEANS EMPLOYING A GRPHICAL USER INTERFACE 5862132 USA 19JA1999 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTIPLE ACCESS SHORT MESSAGE COMMUNICATIONS 5862152 USA 19JA1999 HIERARCHICALLY MANAGED BOUNDARY-SCAN TESTABLE MODULE AND METHOD 5867774 USA 02FE1999 SMART CONTROL PANEL FOR A RADIO 5883792 USA 16MR1999 PRINTED WIRING CARD END BRACKET FOR RUGGEDIZING PRINTED WIRING CARDS 5894285 USA 13AP1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS TO SENSE AIRCRAFT PILOT EJECTION FOR RESCUE RADIO ACTUATION 5896452 USA 20AP1999 MULTI-CHANNEL ECHO CANCELER AND METHOD USING CONVOLUTION OF TWO TRAINING SIGNALS 5901226 USA 04MY1999 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM WITH AUTOMATIC HANDOFF 5903603 USA 11MY1999 MODEM TRAINING APPARATUS AND METHOD 5909359 USA 01JE1999 APPARATUS FOR A CIRCUIT BOARD EXTENDER 5917911 USA 29JE1999 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIERACHICAL KEY ACCESS AND RECOVERY 5918028 USA 29JE1999 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR SMART HOST BUS ADAPTER FOR PERSONALCOMPUTER CARDS 5926756 USA 20JL1999 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROGRAMMING A CELLULAR PHONE 5930291 USA 27JL1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SELECTING RANDOM VALUES FROM A NON- SEQUENTIAL SET 5930292 USA 27JL1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVED AUTOCORRELATION IN BIPHASE MODULATED PSEUDORANDOM NOISE CODED SYSTEMS USING TRI-STATE DEMODULATION 5930359 USA 27JL1999 CASCADABLE CONTENT ADDRESSABLE MEMORY AND SYSTEM 5940439 USA 17AU1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE RATE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 5940508 USA 17AU1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SEAMLESS CRYPTOREKEY SYSTEM 5941708 USA 24AU1999 METHOD FOR SIMULATING TEMPORAL ASPECTS OF AREA WEAPONS 5944822 USA 31AU1999 CHANNEL ISOLATION ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR DISSOCIATED DATA 5945891 USA 31AU1999 MOLDED WAVEGUIDE FEED AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING SAME 5946399 USA 31AU1999 FAILSAFE DEVICE DRIVER AND METHOD 5949248 USA 07SE1999 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR DYNAMIC HARDENING OF A DIGITAL CIRCUIT 5953384 USA 14SE1999 AUTOMATIC MEASUREMENT OF GPS CABLE DELAY TIME 5953645 USA 14SE1999 MULTIPLE FREQUENCY BAND TERMINATION CIRCUIT AND METHOD 5958073 USA 28SE1999 RELIABILITY ENHANCED PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR OPTIMIZING 5966799 USA 19OC1999 METHOD OF MOLDING FREE-FLOATING INSERT 5990703 USA 23NO1999 APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR A LOW POWER LATCHABLE ADDER 5995042 USA 30NO1999 SPOOFER DETECTION POWER MANAGEMENT FOR GPS RECEIVERS 5995628 USA 30NO1999 FAILSAFE SECURITY SYSTEM AND METHOD 5996406 USA 07DE1999 ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR A MATERIAL STORAGE MEASURING DEVICE 5999990 USA 07DE1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 6000054 USA 07DE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ENCODING AND DECODING BINARY INFORMATION USING RESTRICTED CODED MUDULATION AND PARALLELCONCATENATED CONVOLUTION CODES 6002375 USA 14DE1999 MULTI-SUBSTRATE HIGH FREQUENCY CIRCUIT 6002878 USA 14DE1999 PROCESSOR POWER CONSUMPTION ESTIMATOR AND METHOD THEREFOR 6020770 USA 01FE2000 TRANSPARENT LATCH-BASED SEQUENCER AND SEQUENCE CONTROLLING METHOD 6026490 USA 15FE2000 CONFIGURABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING ENGINE AND METHOD 6035313 USA 07MR2000 MEMORY ADDRESS GENERATOR FOR AN FET AND METHOD 6037748 USA 14MR2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROL OF AN ELECTRONIC SYSTEM USING INTELLIGENT MOVEMENT DETECTION 6038265 USA 14MR2000 APPARATUS FOR AMPLIFYING A SIGNAL USING DIGITAL PULSE WIDTHMODULATORS 6044323 USA 28MR2000 SATELLITE BASED COMMERCIAL AND MILITARY INTERCITY AND INTERCONTINENTAL AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL 6044458 USA 28MR2000 CONTROL FLOW MONITOR SYSTEM AND METHOD 6072986 USA 06JE2000 METHOD OF IDENTIFYING ANTENNA BEAMS FOR TRANSMISSION OF RINGALERT MESSAGES 6073014 USA 06JE2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE 6081215 USA 27JE2000 HIGH-SPEED INTERLACED ANALOG INTERFACE 6081895 USA 27JE2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR MANAGING DATA UNIT PROCESSING 6081896 USA 27JE2000 CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING SYSTEM WITH PROGRAMMABLE FUNCTION UNITS AND METHOD 6084919 USA 04JL2000 COMMUNICATION UNIT HAVING SPECTRAL ADAPTABILITY 6085073 USA 04JL2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR REDUCING THE SAMPLING RATE OF A SIGNAL FOR USE IN DEMODULATING HIGH MODULATION INDEX FREQUENCY MODULATED SIGNALS 6085090 USA 04JL2000 AUTONOMOUS INTERROGATABLE INFORMATION AND POSITION DEVICE 6085350 USA 04JL2000 SINGLE EVENT UPSET TOLERANT SYSTEM AND METHOD 6088581 USA 11JL2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REDUCING AMPLITUDE MODULATED INTERFERENCE IN A RECEIVER 6088804 USA 11JL2000 ADAPTIVE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR RESPONDING TO COMPUTER NETWORK SECURITY ATTACKS 6090151 USA 18JL2000 ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR 6098133 USA 01AU2000 BUS ARBITER INTERCONNECT MODULE 6101255 USA 08AU2000 PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD 6108419 USA 22AU2000 DIFFERENTIAL FAULT ANALYSIS HARDENING APPARATUS AND EVALUATION METHOD 6112229 USA 29AU2000 SECURE TERMINAL SYSTEM AND METHOD OF COMMUNICATING 6118805 USA 12SE2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FREQUENCY HOPPING ADAPTATION 6122309 USA 19SE2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES 6133854 USA 17OC2000 SATELLITE SUPPORTED TRAFFIC SIGNAL CONTROLLER 6134484 USA 17OC2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAINTAINING THE INTEGRITY OF SPACECRAFT BASED TIME AND POSITION USING GPS 6141548 USA 31OC2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 6141757 USA 31OC2000 SECURE COMPUTER WITH BUS MONITORING SYSTEM AND METHODS 6144739 USA 07NO2000 COMPUTER NETWORK PROTECTION USING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SEALING SOFTWARE AGENTS AND OBJECTS 6147646 USA 14NO2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR COLLECTING INFORMATION ABOUT A PLURALITY OF EMITTERS 6147980 USA 14NO2000 AVIONICS SATELLITE BASED DATA MESSAGE ROUTING AND DELIVERY SYSTEM 6148196 USA 14NO2000 REMOTE CONTROL AND LOCATION SYSTEM 6154489 USA 28NO2000 ADAPTIVE-RATE CODED DIGITAL IMAGE TRANSMISSION 6181272 USA 30JA2001 DATA COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK 6185430 USA 06FE2001 VOICE CALL GROUP FUNCTION FOR A SATELLITE BASED AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEM 6190737 USA 20FE2001 METALIZED ELASTOMERS 6192158 USA 20FE2001 WAVELET IMAGE CODER USING TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION 6199040 USA 06MR2001 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING A PERCEPTUALLY ENCODED SPEECH SPECTRUM SIGNAL 6219791 USA 17AP2001 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING AND VERIFYING ENCRYPTEDDATA PACKETS 6240282 USA 29MY2001 APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING NONLINEAR SIGNAL CLASSIFICTIN IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 6249166 USA 19JE2001 PIPELINED PROGRAMABLE DIGITAL PULSE DELAY 6269252 USA 31JL2001 PROGRAMMABLE BRIDGING APPARATUS D352030 USA 01NO1994 TELEPHONE MODULE D354752 USA 24JA1995 TELECOMMUNICATIONS SECURITY ADAPTOR D359960 USA 04JL1995 CLIP-ON EARPIECE FOR A PORTABLE HANDSET TELEPHONE OR SIMILAR ARTICLE D365105 USA 12DE1995 TERMINAL ADAPTER MODULE D365348 USA 19DE1995 TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEM ENCLOSURE D383404 USA 09SE1997 COMPACT LOW-PROFILE COMMUNICATION ANALYZER FOR RECEIVING INSERTABLE SMART MODULES D383405 USA 09SE1997 COMPACT, LOW-PROFILE COMMUNICATION ANALYZER FOR RECEIVING INSERTABLE SMART MODULES D389837 USA 27JA1998 CONTROL FACE PLATE FOR A RADIO D395015 USA 09JE1998 SMART MODULE FOR USE WITH COMMUNICATIONS ANALYZER D396470 USA 28JL1998 PALM-TOP REMOTE CONTROL D400168 USA 27OC1998 AC ADAPTER UNIT ENCLOSURE D405081 USA 02FE1999 HANDSET FOR A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE D407091 USA 23MR1999 FRONT PANEL FOR A WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE D416263 USA 09NO1999 CIPHERTEL UNIT ENCLOSURE D431824 USA 10OC2000 WIRELESS INFORMATION TRANSFER SYSTEM FRONT PANEL D434408 USA 28NO2000 PORTABLE VOICE AND DATA ENCRYPTION MODULE D440671 USA 17AP2001 VENTED ROOF ENCLOSURE 4893098 USA 09JA1990 90 Degree Broadband Mmi C Hybrid 4893266 USA 09JA1990 Alias Tagging Time Domainto Frequency Domain Signal Converter 4894658 USA 16JA1990 Method Of Data Reduction In Non-Coherent Side-Looking Airborne Radars 5265269 USA 23NO1993 Intermediate Frequency Indepen Dent Star Mixer 5266958 USA 30NO1993 Direction Indicating Apparatus And Method 5278873 USA 11JA1994 Broadband Digital Phase Aligne R 5690491 USA 25NO1997 Method And Apparatus For Simulating The Effects Of Precision-Guided Munitions 5695341 USA 09DE1997 A Simulated Area Weapons Effects Display Arrangement 95-1642 VENE 25FE2000 DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD

[0054] Exhibit A - Assigned Patents Pending Docket No. Ctry App No App.Dt Title 2661 ARGE  333641 25SE1995 DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD 9048 ASTL 41913/99 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 2661 CANA  2154410 21JL1995 DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD 2672 CANA  2158110 12SE1995 AN ARRANGEMENT FOR SIMULATING INDIRECT FIRE IN COMBAT TRAINING 9032 CANA  2288960 02FE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT 9048 CANA  2331313 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 2661 CHIN 95116999.8 31AU1995 DIGITAL VOICE PRIVACY APPARATUS AND METHOD 9032 CHIN 99800220.8 02FE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT 2371 EPC 95108621.4 06JE1995 COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD 2471 EPC 94118911 01DE1994 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 2619 EPC 95118852.3 30NO1995 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR FAULT ISOLATION BY A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM TESTER 2862 EPC 97104110.8 12MR1997 PARTITIONED ECHO CANCELER UTILIZING DECIMATION ECHO LOCATION 2893 EPC 97935152.5 29JL1997 TERNARY CAM MEMORY ARCHITECTURE AND METHODOLOGY 4009 EPC 98107595.5 27AP1998 PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD 4011 EPC 98114146.8 29JL1998 CONFIGURABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC PROCESSING ENGINE AND METHOD 4092 EPC 97948124.9 28OC1997 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HIERACHICAL KEY ACCESS AND RECOVERY 4280 EPC PCT/US99/01897 28JA1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES 9032 EPC 99949519.5 02FE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT 9048 EPC 99925671.2 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 9055 EPC 99956863.7 02NO1999 CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING FOR A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 9036 FINL  990998 04SE1998 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE 9032 FRAN  9900934 28JA1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LOCATION BASED INTERCEPT IN A COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 2454 GERM P4431886.3 07SE1994 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR LEVEL MEASUREMENT USING MICROWAVE SIGNALS 4280 ISRA  131920 28JA1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION USING MODALMOMENT ESTIMATES 9048 ISRA  138740 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 2195 JAPA 4-290804 05OC1992 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ESTABLISHING SECURE COMMUNICATIONSLINK 2370 JAPA 6-332803 15DE1994 ARITHMETIC ENGINE 2371 JAPA 7-164508 08JE1995 COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD 2631 JAPA 7-350479 21DE1995 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR COMMUNICATION TESTING USING A RECORDED TEST MESSAGE 2764 JAPA 8-318852 13NO1996 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR QUANTIZATION OF SPEECH PARAMETERS 2931 JAPA 9-236570 18AU1997 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROGRAMMING A CELLULAR PHONE 4009 JAPA 10-132755 27AP1998 PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD 9048 JAPA 2000-550220 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 2370 KORS 94-34610 16DE1994 ARITHMETIC ENGINE 2371 KORS 95-15453 08JE1995 COMPLEX ARITHMETIC PROCESSOR AND METHOD 9048 KORS 10-2000-7011216 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 4009 MAYS PI9801897 27AP1998 PROGRAMMABLE CRYPTO PROCESSING SYSTEM AND METHOD 9048 MEXI   11342 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 2471 NORW  944464 22NO1994 SECURE COMMUNICATION SETUP METHOD 4368 PCT PCT/US00/32390 28NO2000 BURST COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS 4476 PCT PCT/US00/30014 31OC2000 SEPARATION KERNEL 4486 PCT PCT/US00/32705 01DE2000 SATELLITE RELAY METHOD AND APPARATUS 4501 PCT PCT/US01/09714 27MR2001 SCALABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE 4549 PCT PCT/US01/25412 14AU2001 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING INTEROPERATION BETWEEN A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK 4564 PCT PCT/US01/13374 26AP2001 SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM EXECUTION CONTROL 4577 PCT PCT/US01/20821 29JE2001 CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES IN A DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION 4582 PCT PCT/US01/25000 09AU2001 RF CONTROL INTERFACE FOR SYSTEM WITH SPATIALLY SEPARATED COMPONENTS 9048 POLA P-344663 18MY1999 COMMUNICATION HAVING RECONFIGURABLE RESOURCES 9055 POLA P-341386 02NO1999 CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING FOR A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 2370 SING 9602548-1 01DE1994 ARITHMETIC ENGINE 2742 SING 9703569-5 25SE1997 SURVIVAL RADIO INTERROGATOR 2764 SWED 9604563-8 12DE1996 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR IMPLEMENTING VECTOR QUANTIZATION OF SPEECH PARAMETERS 9036 SWED 9901585-1 04SE1998 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR DYNAMIC GROUP RADIO USING EXISTING TELEPHONY INFRASTRUCTURE C1836K USA 09/642382 22AU2000 ANTENNA MOUNTING APPARATUS 2937 C01 USA 09/580291 26MY2000 ELECTRONIC DEVICE PARAMETER AND METHOD THEREFOR 4002 USA 09/276588 25MR1999 IMAGE ENCODER USING DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM AND TRELLIS CODED QUANTIZATION 4004 USA 09/050293 30MR1998 ADAPTIVE WAVELET CODING OF HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY 4097 USA 08/991822 17DE1997 DISTRIBUTED PACKET COMMUNICATION NETWORK 4160 USA 09/390785 07SE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR A WEARABLE COMPUTER 4178 USA 09/066794 27AP1998 SATELLITE BASED DATA TRANSFER AND DELIVERY SYSTEM 4191 USA 09/124719 30JL1998 RADIO WIRELINE INTERFACE AND METHOD FOR SECURE COMMUNICATION 4296 USA 09/093083 08JE1998 TRAFFIC KEY ACCESS METHOD AND TERMINAL FOR SECURE COMMUNICATION WITHOUT KEY ESCROW FACILITY 4327 USA 09/240948 28JA1999 METHOD FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS TO A SHARED SECRET 4329 USA 09/425129 22OC1999 RADIO COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD OF OPERATION 4330 USA 09/286067 05AP1999 ENCRYPTION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR COMMUNICATING SECURE DATA OVER A HIGH SPEED SERIAL LINK 4344 USA 09/400258 21SE1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DATA SCRAMBLING 4357 USA 09/665325 19SE2000 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING ACCESS SYSTEM RESOURCES IN A REAL-TIME OPERATING SYSTEM 4367 USA 09/685497 10OC2000 METHOD FOR PRECOMPENSATING FREQUENCY DATA FOR USE IN HIGH VELOCITY SATELLITE COMMUNICATION 4368 USA 09/464975 16DE1999 BURST COMMUNICATIONS METHOD AND APPARATUS 4456 USA 09/369463 06AU1999 VOICE DECODER AND METHOD FOR DETECTING CHANNEL ERRORS USING SPECTRAL ENERGY EVOLUTION 4459 USA 09/478058 05JA2000 COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI-RATE, CANNEL- OPTIMIZED TRELLIS-CODED QUANTIZATION 4472 USA 09/370191 09AU1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ADAPTIVE DELAY LOCK LOOP TRACKING OF GPS PSEUDO RANDOM CODES 4476 USA 09/443597 19NO1999 SEPARATION KERNEL WITH MEMORY ALLOCATION, REMOTE PROCEDURE CALL AND EXCEPTION HANDLING MECHANISMS 4486 USA 09/465962 17DE1999 SATELLITE RELAY METHOD AND APPARATUS 4497 USA 09/493825 28JA2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ACCURATELY DETERMINING THE POSITION OF SATELLITES IN GEOSYNCHRONOUS ORBITS 4501 USA 09/540022 31MR2000 SCALABLE CRYPTOGRAPHIC ENGINE 4549 USA 09/650516 29AU2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PROVIDING INTEROPERATION BETWEEN A DIGITAL COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND A PUBLIC SWITCHED TELEPHONE NETWORK 4550 USA 09/696370 25OC2000 A PACKET RELAY PROTOCOL BASED ON FLOOD ROUTING WITH RANDOM DELAY BEFORE RETRANSMISSION 4562 USA 09/586120 02JE2000 DYNAMIC HARDWARE RESOURCE MANAGER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 4564 USA 09/568771 10MY2000 SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM EXECUTION 4566 USA 09/615303 13JL2000 METHOD OF REGULATING A FLOW OF DATA IN A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AND APPARATUS THEREFOR 4567 USA 09/649559 28AU2000 TRANSMITTER HAULING PROGRAMABLE TRANSMISSION PARAMETERS TEMPORALLY ALIGNED WITH PAYLOAD AND METHOD THEREFOR 4572 USA 09/570129 12MY2000 RADIO TRANSMISSION TIMING CALIBRATOR 4574 USA 09/592230 12JE2000 HARDWARE RESOURCE IDENTIFIER FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 4575 USA 09/618401 18JL2000 CONFIGURABLE SOFTWARE OBJECT DISTRIBUTOR AND SIMULATOR FOR SOFTWARE-DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM 4577 USA 09/610740 06JL2000 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING CRYPTOGRAPHIC SERVICES IN A DISTRIBUTED APPLICATION 4578 USA 09/639496 14AU2000 SYMBOL SYNCHRONIZER FOR SOFTWARE DEFINED COMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM SIGNAL COMBINER 4581 USA 09/578112 24MY2000 DYNAMIC DC BALANCING OF A DIRECT CONVERSION RECEIVER AND METHOD 4582 USA 09/636139 10AU2000 RF CONTROL INTERFACE FOR SYSTEM WITH SPATIALLY SEPARATED COMPONENTS 4591 USA 09/833005 12AP2001 METHOD FOR SECURELY PROVIDING ENCRYPTION KEYS 4596 USA 09/667903 22SE2000 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ERROR-RESILIENT VIDEO CODING 4597 USA 09/717592 21NO2000 METHODS AND APPARATUS FOR OBJECT RECOGNITION AND COMPRESSIONP 4655 USA 09/822149 02AP2001 ACTIVE INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSOR UTILIZING RECOMBINANT TRANSMULTIPLEXING 9045 USA 09/145805 02SE1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR ASYCHRONOUS ADAPTIVE PROTOCOL LAYER TUNING 9055 USA 09/186086 05NO1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING CHANNEL MULTIPLEXING IN A WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM 13913 USA 09/473349 28DE1999 METHOD FOR A POST HPA FILTER REJECTION EQUALIZER 13914 USA 09/473352 28DE1999 MEMORYLESS NON-LINEAR PREDISTORTION OF DIGITAL AMPLITUDE MODULATION 13915 USA 09/473174 28DE1999 METHOD FOR LOCALLY ADAPTED FRACTIONALLY SPACED LINEAR PREDISTORTER 13916 USA 09/473457 28DE1999 LOCALLY-ADAPTED PARALLEL T-SPACED LINEAR PREDISTORTER 15000 USA 09/282108 31MR1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR SKIN-E-NET CONTROL AND STATUS NETWORK 15009 USA 09/432062 02NO1999 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR INFORMATION SELECTION AND ROUTING BY INTELLIGENT AGENTS 15025 USA 09/153976 16SE1998 WIRELESS ACCESS UNIT UTILIZING ADAPTIVE SPECTRUM EXPLOITATION 15143 USA 09/282105 31MR1999 PERIPHERAL INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK 15144 USA 09/282104 31MR1999 SWITCHING DEVICES FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK 15145 USA 09/282782 31MR1999 COMPUTER INTERFACE DEVICE FOR A SKIN-E-NET (SEN) NETWORK 968 USA  490921 02MY1983 FAILURE PROTECTION CIRCUITRY FOR A COMMERCIAL MICROPROCESSOR 1058 USA  357349 08MR1982 PARTIALLY MATCHED ECM FOR USE AGAINST PULSE COMPRESSION RADARS AND METHOD THEREFOR (U) 1202 USA 06/490609 02MY1983 FLUID EXTENDIBLE MAST AND METHODS OF DEPLOYMENT AND STOWING THEREFOR 1380 USA  841385 16DE1985 MULTIPLE FALSE TARGET ECM TECHNIQUE (U) 1381 USA  841384 16DE1985 RADAR DECEPTION METHODS (U) 1397 USA  911552 25SE1986 CHARGE TRIGGERING APPARATUS AND METHOD 1460 USA  823116 26SE1985 MODIFIED PLANAR ANTENNA 1475 USA  789008 22JL1985 TRACKING RADAR RECEIVER 1691 USA  377295 26JE1989 DATA MANIPULATION ARRANGEMENT FOR A NETWORK ENCRYPTION SYSTEM (U) 1699 USA   81965 01JL1987 FABRICATION OF RADIATION HARDENED SILICON GATE MOS DEVICES (U) 1770 USA  364684 08MY1989 MULTI-RAIL LOOK AHEAD FOR A KEY GENERATOR 1912 USA  529810 29MY1990 CONE BEAM DOUBLET FOR PASSIVE SENSOR TARGET DETECTION 2046 USA  618550 27NO1990 CRYPTO IGNITION KEY INTERFACE 2629 USA 08/415973 03AP1995 VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR 2629 D01 USA 08/580116 16JA1996 VARIABLE TARGET DETECTION CAPABILITY AND METHOD THEREFOR 4119 USA 09/072168 04MY1998 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING MULTIDIMENSIONAL FEATURE LESS SPREAD SPECTRUM MODULATION 71254 USA  197556 08NO1971 ELECTRONIC COUNTERMEASURE TECHNIQUES AND APPARATUS UNDER SECRECY ORDER

[0055] Exhibit B to Patent Assignment Agreement - Invention Disclosures Docket No. Inventor Names Title 4565 Williams, Clifford Andrew, Harbin, Donald Bruce, Configurable Guard for use in Complex Cryptographic Systems Perona, Richard Allen; Wootten Jonathan Gleen 4662 Pickett, Michael Newton Low Noise, High Power Voltage Controlled Oscillator 4670 Jeffers, Patrick David; Waldo, Michael Kip Method to Compensate for Phase Shift in Automatic Gain Control Elements Eugene  4597b Abousleman, Glen Contour Coding Methods  4596b Abousleman, Glen Model-based Compression Methods 4561 Vanden Heuvel, Dean Paul; Baumgartner, Kelly Method and Apparatus for Simultaneous Digital Data Transmission and Echo Roy; Dawson, John Williams Cancellation Inhibit in a PSTN PCM Traffic Stream 4605 Orcutt, Edward Kerry; Willis, Carl Myron; Bahr, Link Connectivity Algorithm for Dynamic Networks with Limited Resources and Randall Kent Known Geometry 4656 Wreshner, Kenneth Solomon; Clelland, Eric Jay; Method for Adaptive Signal Compression Petticrew, Keith; Trapp, Robert; Rhamy Chad 4658 Clelland, Eric Jay; Johnson, Christopher B.; Method and Apparatus for Adaptive Matched Filter Signal Parameter Measurements Wreshner, Kenneth S.; Petticrew Keith; Trapp Robert 4659 Huntley, Clarence Walter Microfluidic Pump/Battery Charger 4660 Blanchard, Scott David & Lee, Kerry David Dual Antena Deplpoyment Apparatus for Handheld Satellite Terminal 4664 Blanchard, Scott David Method and Apparatus for Matrix Amplifier and Digital Beam-forming in a Satellite Communication System 4665 Blanchard, Scott David Method and Apparatus for Reducing Dynamic Range, Downlink Bandwidth and Transmit Power in a Transparent Satellite Communication System 4666 Blanchard, Scott David Method and Apparatus for Reducing Uplink Bandwidth and Transmit Power in a Transparent Satellite Communication System No Number Vanden Heuvel, Dean Paul; Blanchard, Scott Method and Apparatus to Provide Redundant Inter-Regional Communications Links Assigned David in a Mobile Satellite System 4672 Blanchard, Scott David Method for predicting signal fades of a CDMA signal propagating through the ionosphere 4669 Cohlman, Donald Charles; Sharrit, John Paul; Highly Agile Radio Transceiver Modulation and Frequency Operation Alonge, Paul Joseph 4671 Jeffers, Patrick David, Waldo, Michael Kip Programmable Device Configuration Authentication Method Eugene 4593 Haakenson, Nichi Lynn; Dunbar, Lori Rene; Tamper Resistant Layout Design Soelberg, Chris Allen; Neil, James Ray 4673 Kitaj, Paul; Paskett, Serman; Hardy, Doug; Multi-Level Acces Control System Seeker, Frank; Tugenberg, Steve 4657 Strouse, Steven; Besser, Brant; Voegtly, Carl Conductive Foam usinf Room Temperature Liquid Metal Alloy 4667 Piosenka, Gerald V.; Reinold, Jurgen; Vanden Method, Apparatus and Applications for Coupling High-Speed Broadcast Delivery Heuvel, Dean Paul with Low-Speed Interactive Data Applicability 

What is claimed is:
 1. A communications system comprising: a plurality of data utilization devices distributed within a first service area, each of said data utilization devices being coupled to a device transceiver for providing wireless communication with an exterior environment; and a wireless access unit (WAU), located within said first service area, including: a satellite communication transceiver subsystem having a satellite transceiver for communicating with a satellite via a first wireless channel; and a WAU transceiver subsystem for communicating, via a second wireless channel, with a selected data utilization device in said plurality of data utilization devices; wherein said WAU transceiver subsystem is coupled to said satellite communication transceiver subsystem for enabling communication therebetween.
 2. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said WAU further comprises: an infrastructure interface for providing a connection between said WAU and at least one non-satellite communications service, wherein said infrastructure interface is coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem for communication with said selected data utilization device.
 3. The communications system, as claimed in claim 2, wherein: said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a wired communications service.
 4. The communications system, as claimed in claim 3, wherein: said wired communications service includes at least one of the following: a public switched telephone network, an integrated services digital network, a cable television network, a fiber optic communication network, and a local area network.
 5. The communications system, as claimed in claim 2, wherein: said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a cellular telephone system.
 6. The communications system, as claimed in claim 2, wherein: said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a microwave link.
 7. The communications system, as claimed in claim 2, wherein: said at least one non-satellite communications service includes a terrestrial wireless communications system.
 8. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a protocol transformation processor, coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem, for transforming data between a first communication protocol supported by said satellite and a second communication protocol, that is different from said first communication protocol, supported by said selected data utilization device, wherein said second communication protocol varies based upon which of said plurality of data utilization devices is selected.
 9. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one personal computer having a central processing unit (CPU), a random access memory (RAM) coupled to said CPU, and a mass storage means, wherein said CPU is capable of executing programs residing in said RAM.
 10. The communications system, as claimed in claim 9, wherein: said mass storage means includes means for providing program files supporting various communications services available from said WAU.
 11. The communications system, as claimed in claim 10, wherein: said personal computer includes means for selectively transferring program files from said mass storage means to said RAM based on a desired communications service.
 12. The communications system, as claimed in claim 10, wherein: said mass storage means includes means for accepting a removable storage medium, wherein a first storage medium having a first set of program files can be replaced with a second storage medium having a second set of program files.
 13. The communications system, as claimed in claim 12, wherein: said removable storage medium includes at least one of the following: a floppy disk and a CD ROM disk.
 14. The communications system, as claimed in claim 10, wherein: said personal computer includes means for receiving additional program files from a wireless channel.
 15. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one radio frequency tag.
 16. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one device capable of performing a remote sensor function.
 17. The communications system, as claimed in claim 16, wherein: said at least one device includes a sensor for sensing at least one of the following: electrical power usage, fuel usage, and waste production.
 18. The communications system, as claimed in claim 16, wherein: said at least one device includes means for determining a location of said at least one device.
 19. The communications system, as claimed in claim 16, wherein: said at least one device includes means for determining a velocity.
 20. The communications system, as claimed in claim 16, wherein: said at least one device includes means for tracking an inventory.
 21. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a private residence for providing high data rate services to said private residence.
 22. The communications system, as claimed in claim 21, wherein: said high data rate services include high-definition television (HDTV) services.
 23. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a medical establishment for use in providing high data rate medical data services.
 24. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in an educational establishment for use in providing high data rate educational data services.
 25. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in an industrial establishment for use in providing high data rate industrial data services.
 26. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in an entertainment establishment for use in providing high data rate entertainment data services.
 27. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a commercial retail establishment for use in providing high data rate commercial data services.
 28. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices is located in a vehicle for providing high data rate mobile data services.
 29. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU is mounted on a pole within said first service area.
 30. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU is mobile within said first service area.
 31. The communications system, as claimed in claim 30, wherein: said WAU is located on an aircraft traveling through said first service area.
 32. The communications system, as claimed in claim 30, wherein: said WAU is located on one of the following: an automobile, a truck, a train, and a ship.
 33. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a modem distribution processor, coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem, for determining a first modulation format for use in communicating with said selected data utilization device.
 34. The communications system, as claimed in claim 33, wherein: said modem distribution processor is remotely programmable.
 35. The communications system, as claimed in claim 33, wherein: said modem distribution processor has access to a plurality of modem modules, each modem module being operative for generating data having a particular modulation format, wherein said modem distribution processor selects a modem module from said plurality of modem modules based on said first modulation format.
 36. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a memory for storing a plurality of user profiles.
 37. The communications system, as claimed in claim 36, wherein: said memory includes a user profile corresponding to at least one of said plurality of data utilization devices.
 38. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU transceiver subsystem includes multiple channels for supporting multiple external connections simultaneously.
 39. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU transceiver subsystem includes means for performing spread spectrum communications.
 40. The communications system, as claimed in claim 39, wherein: said means for performing spread spectrum communications includes means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation.
 41. The communications system, as claimed in claim 40, wherein: said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for performing both frequency hopping and direct sequence spread spectrum modulation on a signal.
 42. The communications system, as claimed in claim 41, wherein: said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for adjusting frequency hopping processing gain.
 43. The communications system, as claimed in claim 41, wherein: said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for adjusting direct sequence spread spectrum processing gain.
 44. The communications system, as claimed in claim 41, wherein: said means for performing hybrid spread spectrum modulation includes means for adjusting both frequency hopping processing gain and direct sequence spread spectrum processing gain.
 45. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: a processor, coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem, for use in identifying unused radio frequency spectrum in said second wireless channel and for selecting at least one operational frequency for said WAU transceiver subsystem in accordance therewith.
 46. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes means for providing automatic network affiliation of data utilization devices.
 47. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes means for providing automatic network removal of data utilization devices.
 48. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said WAU includes an expert agent function.
 49. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein said WAU includes an internet protocol gateway.
 50. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said plurality of data utilization devices includes at least one peer-to-peer link between data utilization devices.
 51. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said satellite communication transceiver subsystem includes a satellite antenna for coupling signals between said satellite transceiver and said first wireless channel.
 52. The communications system, as claimed in claim 51, wherein: said satellite antenna includes a phased array antenna.
 53. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes a peer-to-peer antenna for use in communicating with at least one other WAU.
 54. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes an encryption processor for use in encrypting/decrypting communications signals transferred between said WAU and said selected data utilization device.
 55. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes a spectrum scanning processor for use in monitoring a spectral environment in said second wireless channel.
 56. The communications system, as claimed in claim 55, wherein: said WAU includes means for generating a transmit signal based on said spectral environment in said second wireless channel.
 57. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes means for suppressing interference components in signals received from said second wireless channel.
 58. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said communications system operates as an overlay on at least one other communications system having an overlapping operational frequency range.
 59. The communications system, as claimed in claim 1, wherein: said WAU includes means for performing a bridging function between a plurality of external systems.
 60. A communications system comprising: a plurality of data utilization devices distributed within a first service area, each of said data utilization devices being coupled to a device transceiver for providing wireless communication with an exterior environment; and a wireless access unit (WAU), located within said first service area, including: a wireless communication transceiver subsystem having a wireless transceiver coupled to an antenna for communicating with an external communications platform via a first wireless channel, wherein said external communications platform is capable of providing a plurality of high data rate communications services to said WAU; and a WAU transceiver subsystem for communicating, via a second wireless channel, with a selected data utilization device in said plurality of data utilization devices; wherein said WAU transceiver subsystem is coupled to said wireless communication transceiver subsystem for enabling communication between said WAU transceiver subsystem and said wireless communication transceiver subsystem.
 61. The communications system, as claimed in claim 60, wherein said communications platform is mobile.
 62. The communications system, as claimed in claim 60, wherein said communications platform is located on an aircraft.
 63. The communications system, as claimed in claim 60, wherein said communications platform is mounted to a structure within said first service area.
 64. The communications system, as claimed in claim 60, wherein said communications platform includes a cellular telephone system.
 65. A wireless access unit (WAU) for use in a wireless communications system having a plurality of data utilization devices located within a first service area, said WAU comprising: a satellite communication transceiver subsystem for communicating with a satellite via a first wireless channel; a WAU transceiver subsystem for communicating, via a second wireless channel, with a selected data utilization device in the plurality of data utilization devices, wherein said WAU transceiver subsystem is coupled to said satellite communication transceiver subsystem for enabling communication therebetween; and a chassis supporting both said satellite communication transceiver subsystem and said WAU transceiver subsystem, wherein said chassis is adapted for mounting within said first service area.
 66. The WAU, as claimed in claim 65, wherein: said chassis includes means for use in mounting said WAU to a pole.
 67. The WAU, as claimed in claim 65, wherein: said chassis includes means for use in mounting said WAU to a building.
 68. The WAU, as claimed in claim 65, wherein: said WAU has a size and weight that allows said WAU to be mounted within said first service area by a single installer.
 69. The WAU, as claimed in claim 65, further comprising: an infrastructure interface for providing a connection between said WAU and at least one wired communications service, wherein said infrastructure interface is coupled to said WAU transceiver subsystem for communication with said selected data utilization device.
 70. A subscriber interface module (SIM) for use with a personal computer to provide high data rate wireless communications between said personal computer and a wireless access unit (WAU) mounted within a first service area, said WAU including a satellite communication transceiver subsystem for communicating with a satellite, said SIM comprising: a receiver for use in processing a high data rate signal received from a first wireless communications channel; a transmitter for generating a high data rate transmit signal for delivery to said first wireless communications channel; antenna connection means for connecting to at least one antenna for interfacing with said first communications channel; and a housing supporting said receiver, transmitter, and at least one antenna port, said housing having attachment means for coupling said SIM to the personal computer, said attachment means including means for coupling high data rate signals between said SIM and the personal computer.
 71. The SIM, as claimed in claim 70, wherein: said attachment means includes means for insertion into a PCMCIA port on the personal computer.
 72. The SIM, as claimed in claim 70, wherein: said attachment means includes means for insertion into a standard expansion slot on the personal computer.
 73. The SIM, as claimed in claim 70, further comprising: means for executing commands received from said personal computer.
 74. The SIM, as claimed in claim 70, further comprising: means for configuring at least one of said transmitter and said receiver based on configuration information received from said personal computer.
 75. The SIM, as claimed in claim 70, wherein: said high data rate signal has a data rate equal to or exceeding 400 kbps. 